CHANDRAKODE

ý¯š®w®S®¡®ªå ý¯y¯ý®‡®±
î®±Šµ‡®¾¯u® ¯q®±

uµ°î¯©‡®±S®¢Sµ, î®ãOÙS®¢Sµ Nµ²l®±rÙu®Û u¯w®−u®«−u®rÙS®¡®w®±Ý Cq®Š®Š®± Ay®œ®‹š®vŠ®©±, y®Š®„¯Šµ ¯l®vŠ®©± ý¯y®Š®²y®u® HX®Ï‹NµS®¡®w®±Ý ý¯š®w®S®¡® N®lµ‡®± „¯S®u®ªå …Šµš®±rÙu®ÛŠ®±. Cºq®œ® š¯©±S®¢Š®±î® „¯S®u®ªå î®±w®±ïxºu®Œµ², „µ°Šµ N®lµ‰±ºu®Œµ² B‹›u® Eu¯œ®‹›u® y®u®ãS®¡®w®±Ý š¯î®¾¯w®ãî¯T šµ°‹š®±rÙu®ÛŠ®±. Kîµ²âîµ±â ý¯š®w®N®ï‡µ± š®æq®ºq®äî¯T Š®Y›u® S®u®ã−y®u®ãS®¡®ªå D „¯î®wµ‡®±w®±Ý î®ãN®Ù y®mš®Œ¯S®±rÙq®±Ù. ý¯š®w®u® N®lµ‡®±ªå CŠ®±î® Cºq®œ® œµ°¢NµS®¢Š®±î® „¯S®î®w®±Ý `ý¯y¯ý®‡®± „¯S®' îµw®±Ý®±.

ý¯y¯ý®‡®± „¯S®u® „¯ǵ š®ºš®Êȳq®u®ªå CŠ®±î®¼u®± AvÃN®. œ®©îµ²îµ±â N®w®Ýl®vªå‡®±² CŠ®±î®¼u®±ºh±. Cu®±î®ŠµSµ Cºq®œ® ý¯y¯ý®‡®± „¯S®u® ïX¯Š®u®ªå AǯÔT S®±Š®±rš®vŠ®±î® Aý®îµºu®Šµ bµ¶w® y®Š®î¯u® y®äš¯Ùy®. D y®¼hÔ š®ºŒµ°Qw®u®ªå Aºq®œ® Nµ©î®¼ ý¯š®w®S®¡®w®±Ý, ïu¯æºš®Š® î¯S¯æu®NµÊ°ºu®±, N¯Œ¯w®±N®äî®±p‡®±ªå š®ºS®äŸ› Nµ²iÔuµÛ°wµ.

Nµ²hÔ u¯w®î®w®±Ý Ay®œ®‹›u®Šµ, Y›u®Šµ, Aºq®œ®î®‹Sµ, „¯äœ®âo Š®w®±Ý Sµ²°î®¼S®¡®w®±Ý ®n¯›‡®±ªå œ®qµã ¯mu® y¯y® š®±rÙNµ²¡®±ëq®Ùuµ− Hº†q¯ãv œµ°¢NµS®¡®± š¯ïŠ®Š®± ý¯š®w®S®¡® N®lµ‡®±ªå ErÊ°o«î¯Tuµ. Au®Š®ºqµ‡µ± y¯äY°w® ý¯š®w®S®¡® ý¯y¯ý®‡®±u®ªå Cwµ²Ýºu®± H¡µ‡®±² CŠ®±rÙq®±Ù. Auµºu®Šµ, u¯w® Nµm›u®î®Š®±, bµ¶w®î®±±x (‹™, ‹›, ‹›) S®¡®w®±Ý Nµ²ºu®, …š®vS®¡®w®±Ý w¯ý® y®m›u®, bµ¶w® r°s®«£µq®äS®¡®w®±Ý N®¦Þy®¼ÈÞ (ý®äî®o „µ¡®Sµ²¡®) î®w®±Ý w¯ý®y®m›u® y¯q®N®w¯S®±q¯Ùwµº… œµ°¢Nµ Kºu®± ý¯š®w®u®ªå …ºvuµ; Cu®± ïýµ°Ç® S®î®±xNµSµ Aœ®«î¯u® ý¯y¯ý®‡®±. Cºq®œ® Nµ©î®¼ ý¯š®w®S®¡®± î®±±ºvw® y®¼hu®ªå Eu®Üȳq®î¯Tîµ.

1. „¯u¯ï± X¯¡®±N®ãŠ® Cî®±âm ïN®ä¯vq®ãw® (š®±. 735−43) N¯©u® Kºu®±
N®w®Ýl® bµ¶w® ý¯š®w®u®ªå …Š®±î® N®lµ‡®± ¯q®±S®¢î®¼:
„®g¯Š®Š¯ u®â«u® ›Úr‡®±±º D‡®±£®Š®ºS®¡®±î®¾¯w¬

1.H. „¯u¯ï± X¯¡®±N®ãŠ® Cî®±âm O°r«î®î®±«w® (744−60)
N¯©u® Kºu®± ý¯š®w¯ºq®ãu® „¯S®:
Ho±Ø î®±q®Ù©Ì¦¸Û Š¯c¯w®º dwµ°w®ÛÉä
„®î®w®OÊqµqµ²Ù°‹u®w¯Š¯š®«ªyµ½Þ°Š® î®qµÙ«
u®â«î®¾¯Š¯‹u¯ Nµmyµ½Þ°Š®î®qµÙ« y¯y® || y®Š®©²Š¯
Xµ°v‡®±…ॠy®ä„¯X®w®ÛÉä S®±Š¯î¯y®Þ«lµ [u¯Š¬]

[š¹.C.C. 20, 9.8 ý®. Bl®²Š®± (u¯d/œ¯w®S®Œ¬ q¯) y®¼. 10]

œµ²°S®±î® ¯q®± š®œ® šµ°‹Š®±î®¼u®± y®‹„¯î®w® ‡µ²°S®ãî¯Tuµ.
N®±¥±º…±uµ¦¸‡®±º y®‹œ¯Š®º †g¯ÔŠ¬
D qµ²¦¸‡®± N®oÖ¬−„¯Š®n¯›‡®±±î®º
…š®v‡®±±î®º N®ïŒµ‡®±± î®w®¥¸u® …䜯r‡®±w®±nµ²Öw¬ ||
[Oä.ý®. 8 wµ‡®± ý®. A©ºy®½Š®±]

3. Cu¯w®¦¸q®±Ù Nµmzuµ²wµ²N®ÊŒµÊl®±S®y®WÏî®±
œ¯y¯q®N®w®N®Êî®w®âN®Ê¡®º š¯S®
®v‡®¾¯wµÊ‡µ²Ûw¯ÝŠ¯‡®±o yµ
Š®±w®ÙX®Ïw¬

[H.N®. 3(y®) œµNµ²°. 63 (îµ±¶B‹ 1932−58) 9. ý®. œµ…àŠ®S®±yµÞ (îµ±¶d/œµNµ²°q¯) y®¼. 468]

4. qµ¥¿Sµ‡µ±ºu®± †iÔ‡µ±ºu®± Nµ°¡®š®©åu®± ‰±°
u®â«î® w®l®›u®î®‹Sµ š®æS®Ì«y®u®î® y®lµî®Š®± ‰±
u®«NµÊ q®zÞu®î®Š®± ‡µ±°¡®wµ‡®± w®Š®N®Nµ œµ²°œ®Š®± ||
[H.N®. 7−1, þî®îµ². 114.š®±. 950. N®±º›. y®¼. 166]

5. Cu®Š® Š®¤› wµS®¥²Ûq®Sµ AÇ®Ô š®™Ô r°q®Ú«u®ªå y®©î®±N®±Êº š®S¯Ì«y®î®S®Ì« îµ²°£® y®lµS®±
[š¹.C.C. 9−1, 71. 927. „¯S®¢ (…¡¯ë‹d/œ®Š®y®w®œ®¢ëq¯) y®¼. 44]

6. Cu®w®¥¸uµ²º y®ä‡®¾¯Sµ‡®±±î®º N®±Š®£µ°q®ä „¯oŠ¯›‡®±±î®º N®¥ày®¼ÈÞ š¯›Š® N®ïŒµ‡®±±î®º š¯›Š® N®ïŒµ‡®±±î®º š¯›…à« y¯Þ«î®æ«Š®±î®º š¯›…à«Š¬ ‹™‡®±Š®±î®w®¥¸u®y¯q®N®w®± …䜮ârN¯Š®w®±î®±N®±Êº [š¹.C.C. 9−1, 77. 992 Nµ²°S®¢ (…¡¯ë‹/œ®l®S®ªq¯) y®¼. 49]

7. Cu®¥ †q®±Ù î®hÔî®w®¦¸zNµ²oÖî®
uµ°S®±©î®º …š®v‡®±±î®±º N®ïŒµ‡®±±î®±º
Nµ¥¸‡®±±î®º „¯oŠ¯›‡®±±î®±w®¥¿u®º
[H.N®. 4(y®.) X¯î®±Š¯. 404 (‹. 1931−43) 993. šµ²°î®±š®î®±±u®ä (îµ±¶d/X¯î®±Š¯ q¯) y®¼. 265]

8. ‹™‡®±Š®±î®º š¯›Š® N®ïŒµ‡®±±î®±w®¢u® …䜯âr‡®±N®±Ê
[š¹.C.C. 9−1, 130 š®±. 1050. Nµ²°S®¢. y®¼. 113]
Cu®w®¢u®º î®±ºS®y®gµÔ‡µ²¡®‡®±²Ýî®æ«Š®± ‹þ‡®±Š®w®¢u® î®±œ¯y¯q®N® w®N®±Ê ||
[š¹.C.C. 11−1, 94. 1059. l®º…¡® (u®«îµ½¥Œ¬)−u¯d/î®±±ºl®Š®T q¯) y®¼.90]

10. w®S®Š®uµ²¡®S¯î®w¯w®±º
w®S®Š® dw¯©‡®± dwµ°ºu®ä y¯u¯ [X®Ï«] wµT°
w®S®Š®º †h±Ôu®w® (¥¸) ‡®±©±
…Sµu®ºu®º q®w®Sµ q®ºu®w¯‡®±±î® N®±ºu® (0)
Hw® [S®] w®± Sµ°î®nµ U®Œµånµ
U®w®ï° Nµ°p‡®±w®uµ°º [N®±] xS®±îµ(0) w¯wµº
u®w®U®± dw® u®⫠u®²Ç®N®
q®w®uµ²¡®ï±u®w®¥¸u¯q®w®š®± (0) S®rT¢u® (0) ||

Š¯‡®±X®²Š®± dŒµå‡®± Ÿ‹‡®± S®…²àŠ®± dw¯©‡®±NµÊ šµ°‹u®±Û D ý¯š®w®. Cu®± N®Œ¯ão X¯¡®±N®ã ïN¯ä¯vq®ã 6 Š¯cw® A¢Nµ‡®±Š®X®wµ: Oä.ý®. 1109 Cu®Š® N¯©. D ý¯š®w® œµ¶u®Š¯„¯u®± î®±²ã›‡®±ºw®ªåuµ. D ý¯š®w¯ºq®ãu® HŠ®l®± ý¯y¯ý®‡®± N®ºu® y®u®ãS®¡®xݪå Eu¯œ®‹›uµ. D ý¯š®w®u® î®±œ®q®æu®Šµ ¯î®±²ªw® ý¯y¯ý®‡®±u® KN®Ênµ KºvÇ®²Ô C©åvŠ®±î®¼u®±. Ÿ‹‡®± S®…²à‹w® w®QŠ®ºS®¡®±, N®î®±âhu® AvÃN¯‹S®¡®±, N®î®±âhN¯Š®Š®± šµ°‹ B FŠµ²¡®Tw® …䜮âdw¯©‡®±NµÊ †h±Ô Nµ²hÔ u¯w® u®rÙS®¡® y®½r« ¯Ÿr œµ°¢u¯Ûu® îµ±°Œµ, ý¯š®w¯ºq®ãu®ªå îµ±°Œµ Eu¯œ®‹›u® HŠ®l®± y®u®ãS®¢îµ.

[Hyderabad Archaeological Series, No. 18. ‘A Corpus of Inscriptions in the kannada Districts of Hyderabad State’, ed. Desai, P.B. (1958) Inscription No.8AD. 1109pp. 51-52]

1. ‹›‡®±º Nµ²w®Û y¯q®N®w® yµ½°u® Œµ²°N®NµÊ yµ½°y®Š®±
[š¹.C.C. 15, 14. 1135. ›u¯Ûy®¼Š® (u¯d/q¯) y®¼.12. š¯©±: 26] š¯Š¯ºý®:

1. E¢uµ©å ý¯š®w®S®¡®ºqµ‡µ±° bµ¶w® ý¯š®w®S®¡®w®²Ý š®œ® BŠ®º„®, Aºq®ã, š®Ú¡®w¯î®±, E¢u® ïÇ®‡®±S®¡®± Hº… w¯©±Ê wµŒµS®¡®ªå Au®㇮±w® w®lµš®…œ®±u®±. q¹©xN®î¯T Nµ¶Sµ²¡®±ëî® Cºq®œ® Au®ãw®S®¢ºu® œ®©î®¼ œµ²š® š®ºS®rS®¡®w®±Ý, CŠ®±î® œ®¡µ‡®± ¯ŸrS®¡® Kl®ªºu®, œµ²Š®Sµ qµSµ‡®±…œ®±u®±.

2. ý¯š®w¯ºq®ãu®ªå …Š®±î® ý¯y¯ý®‡®±S®¡®ªå, š®º„®ï›u® ›Úq®ãºq®Š® îµ½ºu®w®±Ý S®±Š®±rš®±î®¼u®ÇµÔ° D š®ºŒµ°Qw®u® EuµÛ°ý®îµºu®± y®äŠ®º„® u®ªå‡µ±° š®ÞÇ®Ôy®m›uµ. D ý¯y¯ý®‡®±S®¡®ªå Cu®Û Kºu®± xv«Ç®Ô u¯ﱫN® Kq®Ùw®±Ý Oq®±Ù œ¯OŠ®±î®¼u®± N®äîµ±°o BTŠ®±î® ¯y¯«h±. bµ¶w® y®Š®î¯T Cu®Û ¯q®±S®¡®w®±Ý y®N®ÊNµÊ š®‹› Bîµ±°Œµ Au®± î®±qµÙ d°î® y®lµ‡®±u®ºqµ BTu®±Û X¯‹räN® ⇮±.

3. Cu®± š¯î®¾¯dN®, u¯ﱫN®, š¯ºš®ÊȳrN® …u®Œ¯î®nµ‡®± š®ºNµ°q®î®½ œ¹u®±.