CHANDRAKODE

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1. œ¯š®w® dŒµå AŠ®N®©S®²l®± q¯©²Ow® S¯äî®±î¯u® š®±©Sµ²°l®± šµ²°î®±î®Š®î®¼ Kº„µ¶w®²Š®± î®Ç®«S®¡® Ÿºuµ (bµ¶w®) ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®NµÊ šµ°‹u® Kºu®± Nµ°ºu®äî¯TqµÙºu®± ý¯š®w®S®¢ºu® r¢u®± …Š®±q®Ùuµ.

1.1 š®±¡®Sµ²°l®± šµ²°î®±î¯Š®u®ªå Kh±Ô Kº…q®±Ù ý¯š®w®S®¡®± ›OÊîµ, AX¯ÏTîµ. H.N®.8(y®.) AS®² 133 ‹ºu® 141, y®¼. 186−91 CS®¡®ªå HŠ®l®± ý¯š®w®S®¡®± ¯q®ä Abµ¶w® ý¯š®w®S®¡®± [Auµ°, AS®² 134 î®±q®±Ù 135] E¢u® I¡®± bµ¶w® ý¯š®w®S®¡®±.

1.2 D œ®¢ë‡®± y¯äY°w®î¯u® œµš®Š®± š®±¢ëSµ²°l®± [Auµ°, AS®² 134. 1189.y®¼. 188. š¯©±: 27] Hºu®± Kºu®± ý¯š®w®u®ªåuµ. Bu®Šµ AŠ®N®©S®²l®± 133 wµ‡®± (N¯©. 1079−80) ý¯š®w®u®ªå …Š®±î® `K¥¸‡®±²Š®±' Hº…±uµ° y¯äY°w®q®î®±Sµ²¢š®„µ°N®±.

1.2.1 š®±¡®Sµ²°l®± î®±q®±Ù š®±q®Ù î®±±q®Ùªw® y®äuµ°ý® Oä.ý®. 10,11,12,13 wµ‡®± ý®q®î®¾¯w®S®¡®ªå ¯ºl®ªN®Š¯u® Nµ²ºS¯¡®æŠ® B¢NµSµ K¡®y®iÔq®±Ù. š®±¡®Sµ²°l®± Nµ²ºS¯¡®æŠ® wµŒµï°l®±S®¡®ªå Kºuµwµ› y®äî®±±Q y®hÔoî¯Tq®±Ù.

2. Nµ²ºS¯¡®æŠ®± bµ¶w®u®«y¯©N®Š®±, yµ½°Ç®N®Š®±; q®î®±â dw®u®«u® …š®vS®¡®w®±Ý ¯m›u®Š®±, S®±Š®±S®¡®w®±Ý S¹Š®ï›u®Š®±.

2.1 Nµ²ºS¯¡®æŠ® bµ¶w®u®«xǵÕSµ Aw¯ãw®ã ý¯š®w®S®¡® Bu®Š®S®¢îµ. y®äš®±Ùq® š®±¡®Sµ²°l®± ý¯š®w®S®¡®± š®œ® D xu¯«Š®NµÊ š®œ®N¯‹‡®¾¯Tîµ. Nµ²ºS¯¡®æŠ® y®hÔu® dw¯©‡®±î®¼ D š®±¡®Sµ²°mw®ªåq®±Ù. Au®w®±Ý `Nµ²ºS¯¡®æ bµ¶w® S®³œ®' Hºu®² `Au®hŠ¯vq®ã Xµ¶q¯ã©‡®±' Hºu®² N®Šµ‡®±±rÙu®ÛŠ®±. [Auµ°,. AS®². 133 (5 AS®² 99) 1079−80 y®¼. 186. š¯©±: 9,12]

2.2 Nµ²ºS¯¡®æ bµ¶w® S®³œ®î®w®±Ý, î®±œ¯ î®±ºl®Œµ°ý®æŠ®w¯u® Š¯bµ°ºu®ä y®³s®±ï° Nµ²ºS¯¡®æw®± ¯m›u®w®±; î®±²© š®ºU®u® N¯o²S®Ì«ou® q®S®‹S®©ÌX®Ðu® S®oÖïî®±±N®Ù ›u¯Üºq®uµ°î®SµÌ« …š®v‡®±º ¯m›' u¯ÛT r¢u®± …Š®±q®Ùuµ [Auµ°, y®¼. 186−87, š¯©±: 25−27] y®ä„¯ X®ºu®ä ›u¯Üºq®uµ°î®wµ° D (›u¯ÜºrN®) S®oÖ ïî®±±N®Ù ›u¯Üºq®uµ°î®wµºu®± Cuµ° ý¯š®w®u® y¯j®vºu® š®ÞÇ®Ôî¯S®±q®Ùuµ. D BX¯‡®±ã«w®± N¯o²Š®± S®ou® q®S®‹S®Œ¬ S®X®ÐNµÊ šµ°‹u®Ûw®±.

2.3 N¯o²Š®±S®o š®²Š®š®ÙS®o ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®NµÊ šµ°‹u® y®äî®±±Q S®oS®¡®± [w¯S®Š¯c‡®±ã, œ®ºy®, N¯(w®²) o²S®«o; `œ®Š®r›‹' (1987) (š®º.) ©£®Èân¬ qµ©S¯ï 349−52]

3. Oä.ý®. 1095 Š®ªå Cªå `§°î®±q¬ š®²Š®š®ÙS®ou® N®ŒµÝŒµ‡®± Š¯î®±X®ºu®ä uµ°î®Š® þÇ®ãxÙ‡®±Š®y®Þ A®îµæS®xÙ‡®±Š¬ A® þÇ®ãxÙ‡®±Š¬ §°î®±q¬ ¯N®îµæ S®xÙ‡®±Š¬−X®±q®±ïæ«u® Bœ¯Š® ý®‹°Š® xrÙ‰±º š®î®¾¯và Š®ovº î®±±mz î®±±OÙ‡®±wµ‰±Ûu®Š¬ [Auµ°, AS®². 136. 1095 y®¼. 189 š¯©±: 9−14, 22-31 ]

3.1 š®²Š®š®ÙS®o ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®NµÊ šµ°‹u® î®±±Qãî¯u® Kºu®± S®ou®± îµ±°Œµ œµ°¢uµ. D S®oNµÊ šµ°‹u® N®ŒµÝŒµ‡®± Š¯î®±X®ºu®ä uµ°î® Hº… î®±±x‰±u®Ûw®±. N®ŒµÝŒµ Hº…±u®± bµ¶w® y¯‹„¯™N® ý®…Û; „µ°š®Sµ‡®± N¯©u®ªå N®ªåw® îµ±°Œµ xºq®± ¯l®±î® q®y®Þ›éSµ N®ŒµÝŒµ Hºu®± œµš®Š®±; N®ŒµÝŒµ uµ°î® I¡¯X¯‡®±ã«Š®w®²Ý [H.N®. 14, Hl®qµ². 84. 910] Š®ïO°r«, N®ŒµÝŒµ uµ°î®w®w®²Ý [H.N®.6, î®±²mSµŠµ, 84. 1040) ý¯š®w®S®¡®± w®î®±²v›îµ.

3.1.1 š®²Š®š®ÙS®ou® N®ŒµÝŒµ Š¯î®±X®ºu®ä uµ°î®w® þǵã AŠ®š®îµæS®xÙ, A® þǵã ¯N®îµæS®xÙ‡®±± w¯©±Ê ïu®î¯u® Bœ¯Š®î®w®±Ý qµ²Šµu®w®± [Aw®Ý y¯w® P¯u®ã Œµ°œ®ã− q®q®ðŠ®q®Ý y®äuµ°™Nµ, 7−255]; š®î®¾¯và Š®ovºu® î®±±mz›u®Š®±. A® þÇ®ãw¯u® ¯Yî®±‡®±ãw®± y®Šµ²°£®ïw®‡®±î¯T D ý¯š®w® ¯m›u®w®±.

4. D HŠ®l®± ý¯š®w®S®¡®± š®ÞÇ®Ôî¯T š¯Š®±î® Aºý®S®¡®±:
A. X®ºS¯¡®æŠ®± xǯÕq® bµ¶w®Š®±, A® y®hÔu® dw¯©‡®±ïq®±Ù.
B. X®ºS¯¡®æŠ®± ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± S®±Š®±S®¡® þǮ㊯Tu®ÛŠ®±.
C. œ¯š®w® dŒµå‡®± AŠ®N®©S®²l®± q¯©²Ow® DTw® š®±¡®Sµ²°l®± šµ²°î®±î¯Š® S¯ä

(K¥¿‡®±²Š®±−š®±¢Sµ²°l®±) ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®u® š®Ú¡®î¯Tq®±Ù;
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N¯o²Š®± î®±q®±Ù š®²Š®š®ÙS®oS®¢Sµ šµ°‹u® S®±Š®±S®¡®± Cªåu®ÛŠ®±.
D. š®²Š®š®ÙS®ou® N®ºr‡®±Š®² š®œ® Cªåu®ÛŠ®±; N®ºr‡®±Š® þǮ㊮² Cu®ÛŠ®±.