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[Inscriptions from Nanded District: No. 8,1071,pp. 18-20lines [1-46]

q®l®N®©±å ý¯š®w®î®w®±Ý CÇ®±Ô v°U®«î¯T Eu¯œ®‹›Š®±î®¼u®NµÊ N¯Š®o MYq®ã Eºh±. N¯¢î®±‡®±ãw®± î¯dý®u® îµ±°Œ¯¡®±: î¯dN®±¡¯º…Š® u®±ãî®±p (î¯dN®±©îµº… BN¯ý®î®w®±Ý „µ¡®S®±î® š®²‡®±«w®±). u®©åy®w® î®±S® w¯S®uµ°î®w®w®±Ý ©N®±Êºm‡®± ý¯š®w® î¯dN®±¡®r¡®N®w®±º qµ°bµ²° „¯š®ÊŠ®xº HºvŠ®±î®¼u®w®±Ý wµwµ‡®±…œ®±u®± [š¹.C.C. 11− 1,52. 1007, š¯©± 13].

N¯¢î® ± ‡® ±ã w® î¯dN® ± ¡® u® îw®± ; ArÙ î®± „µà ‡® ± î® ± S® w¯u® îµ± °Œ µ N¯o± î® î® ± qµ ²Ù …à D î¯dî® ºý® u® î® ±œ ¯î®¾ ¯q®ã w® ² u® ºl® w¯‡® ± N® w®² BTu¯Û wµ. ArÙ î® ± „µà © N®±Ê ºm‡® ± ªå dw¯© ‡® ± N® iÔ ›u® ºqµ , N¯¢î® ± ‡® ±ã w®± N® Š® l® N®Œ¬ Hº…ªå dw¯© ‡® ± N® iÔ ›u® w®±; Au® NµÊ `xS® ¡® ºN® î®±©å dw¯© ‡®±' Hº… œ µš® Š¯‰± q®± . N¯¢î® ± ‡® ±ãw® ± ApÝ S® uµ° ïSµ Iw¯S® „µ °N®± Hº…± u® ± y® ‹þ°© w¯œ® «. ApÝ S® uµ°î® w®± Ay®¼ q®äN® î® ± q®±Ù Aïq® wµ ºu® ± qµ ²°Š® ± q®Ù uµ . Adq® y®¼ Š¯ou® ªå , © N®±Êºm‡® ± ý¯š® w® u® ªå Bq® w® u¯ºy® q®ã −š®ºq¯w® N®± ‹q®± y® ä š¯Ù y® S®¢©å . w¯S® uµ°î® xSµ ApÝ S® w®± z‹‡® ± î®± S® º−AS® ä š®± q® º BTu® Û wµºu® ± ý¯š® w® î®± q®±Ù N¯î® ãvºu® r¢u® ± …Š®± q®Ùuµ . œ ¯S¯u® Šµ w¯S® uµ°î® xSµ O‹‡® ± î® ± S® w® ² K…à xu® Û wµºu® ± „ ¯ïš® …œ®± u®±. Auµ ° ‹°r‡® ± ªå u® ©åy® xS® ² w¯S® −uµ °î® w®± z‹‡® ± î®±S® wµ ºu® ± , Auµ ° © N®±Êºm‡® ± ý¯š® w® u® ªå uµ. N¯¢î® ± ‡® ±ã w®± u® ©å y® xTu® Û O‹‡® ± î® ± S® w® î®±S® wµ ², C©åîµ ° w¯S® uµ°î® w® O‹‡® ± î® ± S® wµ ², BTŠ® …œ®± u®±.

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12 qµäȶ¡µ²°N®ãî®±©åuµ°î®Š® î®±œ¯ š¯î®±w®Ù Aî®±Š¯î®r° y®¼Š®î®
13 Šµ°ý®æŠ® š®î®±Š®º î®±œµ°ý®æŠ®º
14 ..... N¯î®±º „®±c…¡® †Ã°î®±º
15 ‹„µ°Š®±oÖº xS®¡®ºN® î®±©åº
16 N®hN®u® Sµ²°î®º AoÝw® ›ºS®º
17 §°î®±qµãÉ䡵²°N®ãî®±©åuµ°î®
18 Š® y¯u®y®ºN®c „®äî®±Š® w¯
19 ¯m š®î®±š®Ù y®äý®›Ù š®Ÿq® §°
20 î®±w®âœ¯ š¯î®¾¯w®Ùº N®N®Ê«y®Š®
21 š® š®N®î®Ç®« 988 wµ‡®± y®
22 Š¯„Â®î® š®ºî®q¯éŠ®. . . . .

[Inscriptions from Nanded District: (1968). No. 6.1066 HN¯åŠ® (w®ºuµ°l¬ d. î®±±Pµ°l¬ q¯.) y®¼. 15] Cuµ° ý¯š®w® š®ºN®©w® š®ºy®¼h u®ªåŠ®±î® N®Š®mN®Œ¬ ý¯š®w®u®©²å š®œ® `§°î®±w®âœ¯î®±ºl®¡µ°ý®æº N®N®Ê«Š®š®Š®±' Hºvuµ [Auµ°: w®º. 10.1079 (w¯ºuµ°l¬ dŒµå uµ°S®©²Š®± q¯©²åN®±)]

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[Inscriptions from Nanded District, No. 3.1047, Tadkhel, Deglur Taluk,pp. 5-11] w¯S®uµ°î®w®± î¯dN®±¡®NµÊ œµ²¡µ‡®±±î® š®²‡®±« (qµ°bµ²°„¯š®ÊŠ®) BTu®Ûw®±. D w¯S®î®î®±«w®± î¯dý¯º…Š®NµÊ X®ºu®äw¯Tu®Ûw®±: Bq® w®xÝî®±œ¯o«î®w®±, Dq® š®q®ã Š¯uµ°‡®±w®±: C…àŠ®² î®±œ¯ý®²Š®Š®±.

Auµ ° w¯ºuµ°l® ± dŒ µå ‡®± uµ °S® ©²Š® ± q¯© ²å N®± †î® ± Š¯ S¯ä î® ± u® ý¯š® w® u® ªå î® ± qµ ²Ù ºu® ± D î¯d î® ºý® NµÊ šµ °‹u® N®± h± º…u® Yq® äoïuµ . q® l® N®©±å ý¯š® w® u® ºqµ‡µ± ° D †î® ± Š¯u® ý¯š® w® u®© ²å BŠ® º„ ® u® ªå X¯¡® ±N® ã Š® î® ºý® î® ³£® î® w®±ÝÉNµ ²iÔ uµ . Aw® ºq® Š® X¯¡® ± N¯ã „® Š®o rä „Â®± î®w® î®±©å uµ°î® BŠ® wµ ‡® ± ïN® ä  ¯vq® ã w® B¢æ Nµ‡® ± N® hÔ N® lµ ‡® ± U® hÔ u® ªå Cu® Û î¯dî® ºý® u® N®±ºh± º…î® w®±Ý y® ‹X® ‰± ›uµ . B N¯© u® Šµ°î® o‡® ±ã w® î® ± S® , î¯dN® ± ¡¯¡® ºN¯Š® î® ±u® ± š® ²u® w® „®hÔ î® ± q®±Ù Sµ ²° ïºu® N® „µà ‡® ± Š® î®± S® w¯u® Šµ °î® o‡® ±ã w¯‡® ±Ê w®± Eq® ±ÊÇ®Ô î¯d î® ºýµ ²°u® ‡®¾ ¯X® ¡® NµÊ u® ±ã î®± p‡µ± x›u® w®± . Šµ °î® o‡® ±ã w¯‡® ±Ê w®± î® X® §°î® u®± qµ²hÍ î® ±± väNµ ‡® ± y® N®Ê u® Nµ °î® ou® ºqµ Cu® Û w®±. Dq® w®± y® ä „Â®± q®æ u® N®©åN®±º…‹ S¯ä î® ± u¬ ªå X® ºu® äýµ°QŠ® w¯u® Dý®æ Š® ww®±Ý y® är™Õ ›u® w®± .

Šµ°î®o‡®±ãw¯‡®±Ê î®±q®±Ù w¯ªN®„µà u®ºy®rS®¢Sµ uµ°î®y¯Š®ã, î®±u®±š®²u®w®,
w¯S®Š¯c, Š¯î®±uµ°î®, Sµ²°ïºu® Hº… A‡®±æŠ®± î®±S®ºvŠ®±.
Aµ²¡®Sµ w¯S®Š¯cº
w®ï°w®î®±xîµx› u®â«y®Š®Šµx› …±u¯
o«î® X®ºu®äwµx› î¯d
y®äµ²°q®Ùî®±wµx› u®w®ãwµx›u®w®ŒµÙ || 29 ||
Š®²mÃSµ š®ºu® u®â«î®±wµ q®ºuµ YŠ® y®ärǵՇ®±º
¯mu® Šµ°î®nµ°ý®æŠ® x®î®±wµ²zÞŠµ ¯m N®²lµ w¯
l¯mS®¡®±º…¯u®uµwµ yµîµ±â«‡®±w¯cÑ«› î¯d ý®u®
X¯Ïl®±ïw®º …š®º…lµu®wµº…±u®± u¯‹p w¯S®Š¯cw® (0) || 32 ||

Ÿ°Sµ− `î¯dý® y®ä‡®±±N¯Ùý®ä‡®±î¯u® P¯ãr q®wµ²Ý¡¬ xŒµ C¡¯ „¯S®uµ²¡¬ wµS®¡®Û w¯S®Š¯c'w®± ¯m›u® Šµ°î®nµ°ý®æŠ® uµ°î¯©‡®±NµÊ w®³y¯ºS®wµ š®±S®Ì© uµ°ï‡®± Oä.ý®. 1122−23 Š®ªå 15 î®±q®ÙŠ®± wµ©ïq®Ù¡®±, Aî®±Š¯î®r° y®¼Š®î®Šµ°ý®æŠ® î®±œ¯î®±ºl®¡µ°ý®æŠ® H¥¿‡®±î®±Š®š®w®± w¯S®Š®œ¯¡® S¯äî®±î®w®±Ý š®î®æ«w®î®±ý®ã¯T †hÔw®±.

[Inscriptions of Nanded District, No. 2,1122-23. Bimara, Deglur Taluk, pp. 38-45].

ή¾¬ îµ±°©Êºl® î¯d ý®cŠ®± X¯¡®±N®ã X®N®äî®r«S®¡®ªå AvÃN¯‹S®¡¯Tu®Û ®±, q®î®±â Š¯cxÇµÕ œ¯S®² £¯qµ²ä°Yq® ‡®±±u®Û wµ¶y®¼oã qµ²°‹ uµ°ý® „®OÙ‡®±w®±Ý y®äN®i›u®î®Š®±. C®©åuµ Cw®²Ý Nµ©î®¼ î¯d ý®cŠ®± N®ºl®± …Š®±q¯ÙŠµ. AŠ®›°NµŠµ‡®± 71 wµ‡®± ý¯š®w®î®w®±Ý …ŠµvŠ®±î® uµ°î®y¯Š®ãwµº…±î®w®± Œµ²°N®š®±ÙrSµ y¯q®äî¯u® î¯dý®NµÊ šµ°‹u®î®wµºu®± r¢u®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ:

„®±î®w®w®±q® î¯dýµ²°
u®áî®N®Š® ï„®± šµ²°î®±w¯s® y®¼q®äº yµ°¦Ûº
N®ïŠ¯cº N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°
q®äî®u®«w®º uµ°î®y¯Š®ãx° ý¯š®w®î®±º ||

[H.N®. 5, 71.1174. AŠ®›°NµŠµ]. Dq®w®± q®w®Ýw®±Ý N®ïŠ¯cwµºu®± N®Šµu®± Nµ²ºmŠ®±î®w¯u®Š®² Dq®w® N¯î®ãS®¡® ïX¯Š® Iwµ°w®² r¢‡®±u®±.

N®l®²Š®± ý¯š®w®u® N®ï w¯S®uµ°î®w®± q®w®Ýw®±Ý î¯d ý®u® N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°q®ä î®u®«w®wµºu®², œ®‹œ®Š®−¯‰±uµ°ïS®¡® y®¼q®äwµºu®² xîµ°v›Nµ²ºmu¯Ûwµ:

œ®‹œ®Š® ¯‰±uµ°ïS®¡® y®¼q®äw®xºvq® î¯dý® ýµ°
QŠ®w®N®¡®ºN®O°r« N®ªN¯Œ¬ …³œ®š®Þr šµ²°î®±w¯s® ý®º
N®Š®w®w®±cº …±u®Š¬ yµ½°S®¥¸° xﱫ›u®º N®ïw¯S®uµ°î®x°
›ÚŠ®q®Š®î®±y®Þ ý¯š®w®î®±w®±q®Ùî®± N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°q®ä î®u®«w®º ||

[H.N®.6, N®l®²Š®± 95 Oä.ý®. 1224: N®n¯«hN® N®ïX®‹qµ, š®ºy®¼h 1(1963) y®¼. 400.] w¯S®uµ°î®N®ï ýµ¶î®š¯âq®«wµºu®± qµ²°Š®±q®Ùuµ.

Cuµ° ‹°r Cw®²Ý Nµ©î®¼ î¯d ýµ²°Œµå°QS®¡®w®±Ý Eu¯œ®‹š®…œ®±u®±

1. Oä.ý®. 1079 Š®ªå ¯YŠ¯c (¯Y y®ä„®±) wµº… u®ºl¯vÃN¯‹ î¯d ý® P¯ãq®w¯Tu®Ûw®±.

2. …䜮âýµ²°u®áî®w®±º î¯dN®±¡¯º…Š®Š¯c X®©u®ºN®Š¯î®±w®± §°î®¾¯w¬ w¯¡®ò„®± u®±S®Ìr‡®±Šµ²lµ‡®± …䜮â uµ°î®‡®±ã w¯N®‡®±Š®± [š¹.C.C. 9−1, 215. 1126. u®±S®Ìî®rÙ. (…¡¯ë‹d./œ®Š®y®w®œ®¢ëq¯.) y®¼. 218].
3. §°î®±w¬ î®±œ¯ y®äu¯w®º Š¯‡®±u®ºl¯vÃN¯‹ X®î®¼m šµiÔ‡®±Š® §°N®Š®o î¯dš®©Œ¯î®± œ®S®Š®hÔSµ‡®± œ®‹‡®±oݺS®¡® î®±S®º ›‹y®‡®±ãw®± u®«N®s¯š®ºS®î¬ ¯mu® š®ºS®r ý¯š®w®u®ªåuµ [š¹.C.C. 15, 188. 1251. š¯©î¯mT (†b¯y®¼Š® d/„¯Sµ°î¯mq¯) y®¼. 231. š¯©±: 25−28]
4. œµ²‡®±é¡® Cî®±âm ï°Š®w®Š®›ºœ®w®ªå î®±œ¯y®äu¯w®w®² u®ºl®w¯‡®±N®w®² BTu®Û ýµ¶î® „¯äœ®âo Aï±q®‡®±ãw® ي®î¯u® ©¤Èâ°u®Š®uµ°î® ï°Š®©¤ÈⰠš¯î¯š® y®äu¯w® N®‹N®¡®„® ‡®±²s®w¯s® §°î®±u®îµ±°ý®æŠ®uµ°î®Š® O°rÙ«w®q®Ù«O° w®q®Ù«w® ïý¯¡® Š®ºS® š®N®¡®N®±¡® Š¯dq® î¯dý®X®²l¯î®±p î¯î®±Š¯c z䇮± q®w®²b¯q® Š®²y®¼ Šµ°Pµ s¯y®wµ …‰±éNµ qµ²lµ î®±l®N®‡®±Ûx‡µ±º… X®l¯‡®±rNµ S¯‡®±rNµ î®lµu®Š®²l® ïu¯ãš®. . . . . .[š¹.C.C. 9−1, 343. 1226. „µpÌN®©±å (…¡¯ë‹d/N®²måT q¯) y®¼. 362− 64]

r°î®¾¯«w®S®¡®±

î¯d ý®u® y®äš¯Ùy® œ®©î®¼ ý¯š®w®S®¡®ªåuµ, N¯î®ãS®¡®ªåuµ, N¯î®ãS®¡®ªåuµ, Cå Kºuµ° N¯©U®hÔu® X¹N®iÔSµ x©±åv©å. CS®¡® y®Š®š®ÞŠ® š®º…ºu® š®²Ú©î¯T r¢u®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. š®²£®Èâî¯u® Au®㇮±w®NµÊ C¢u¯S® Nµ©î®¼ N®lµ š®ÞÇ®Ôî¯S®±î®¼v©å. D î¯d ý®u®ªå N¹ºmw®ãSµ²°q®ä, N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°q®ä, „¯Š®u¯æcSµ²°q®ä, ¯ºu¯q®Sµ²°q®ä− Hº… Sµ²°q®äS®¡® EŒµå°QS®¢îµ. î¯d ýµ°q®Š® ý®S®¡®ªå‡®±² D Sµ²°q®äS®¢u®±Û. cw®â N®ï q¯w®± N®îµ±â ý®u® N¯ý®ãy® Sµ²°q®äu®î®wµºu®± œµ°¢Nµ²ºmu¯Ûwµ. [Aw®ºq®w¯s® y®¼Š¯oº, 1−52: (š®º) †.†. î®±Ÿ°ý®î¯m (1975) y®¼. 12.] D š®ºy®ä…ºu®u® y¯äŠ®º„®u®ªå î¯d ý®uµ²¡®Sµ Œµ²°N® ïP¯ãq®Š¯u® bµ¶w® î®±q¯î®©º†S¯¡®w®±Ý y®‹X®‰±›uµ. „¯äœ®âo N®ïS®¡®ªå K…àwµºu®± „¯ Œ¯TŠ®±î® X®ºu®äŠ¯cw®± (š®±.1025) î¯d Sµ²°q®äNµÊ šµ°‹u®î®w®±. î®±u®w® r©N®îµº… N¯î®ãu®ªå X®ºu®äŠ¯cw®± q®w®Ýw®±Ý ïy®äN®±©Œ¯î®±wµºu®² væb¯º„µ²°vʯcwµºu®², î®±w®±î®±±x°ºu¯äX¯Š® wµºu®² y®‹X®‰±› Nµ²ºmu¯Ûwµ.

ý¯š®w®S®¡® š®œ¯‡®±vºu® Ey®©…Üî¯TŠ®±î® Cu®±î®ŠµTw® ï®S®¡®w®±Ý œ®Š®¡®±Sµ²¢› Nµ©î®¼ r°î®¾¯«w®S®¢Sµ q®©y®…œ®±u®±.

1. î¯dý®î®¼ î®±²©q®» ýµ¶î® š¯âq®« b¯r‡®¾¯Tuµ.
2. œ®q®Ùwµ‡®± ý®q®î®¾¯w®u® BŠ®º„®vºu® î¯d ý®u® u¯QŒµS®¡®±
uµ²Šµ‡®±±q®Ùîµ.
3. î¯d ý®u® î®±²© šµŒµ, q®©N¯îµ°‹ Šµ²°ou® y®‹š®Š®îµºu®±
r¢‡®±…œ®±u®±.
4. T î®±ºl®©, S®ºS®î¯m, š¯ºq®¢Sµ, ¯w®ãPµ°h, ¯š®î¯m,
Šµ²°o, w¯ºuµ°l®± dŒµå− ŸSµ Kºu®± ïý¯© „¹Sµ²°¢N® œ®Š®Ÿw®ªå î¯dý®u® YS®±Š®± y®©åï› u¯ºS®±m‰±iÔuµ.
5. Š¯Ç®óN®²hŠ®±, X¯¡®±N®ãŠ®±, N®©X®±Š®ãŠ®±, œµ²‡®±é¡®w®± î®±q®±Ù ïc‡®±w®S®Š® š¯î®¾¯äcãS®¡®î®ŠµSµ î¯dý®u® Š¯cO°‡®± y¯q®ä N®ºl®± …Š®±q®Ùuµ.

6. î¯d ý®u® Awµ°N® S®oãy®¼Š®±Ç®Š® u¯ﱫN® X®h±î®iNµ‡µ²ºvSµ ATu®Û š¯î®¾¯dN® š¯Úw®î®¾¯w®u® š®æŠ®²y®î®½ r¢u®± …Š®±q®Ùuµ.
7. î¯d ý®cŠ®± Awµ°N® uµ°î¯©‡®± N®iÔ›u¯ÛŠµ.
8. î¯d ý®u®ªå X®î®±²y®rS®¡®², î®±ºräS®¡®², „®ºl¯‹S®¡®²,
„¯œ®q®ÙŠ®x‡µ²°S® AvÃy®rS®¡®² N®ºl®± …Š®±q¯ÙŠµ. î®±q®±Ù Aµ©å
Š®oŠ®ºS®u®ªå î®±œ¯ š¯œ®š® qµ²°‹u® ï°Š®N®ªS®¡®±; î¯dý®cŠ®±
š¯î®±ºq® As®î¯ ¯ºl®ªN®Š¯T Š¯cã B¡®ª©å.
9. î¯d ý®u®î®Š®± U®w® ïu¯æºš®Š®² œ¹u®±. A® N®Œ¯yµä°î®± î®±q®±Ù š¯Ÿq®ã yµä°î®±î®w®±Ý xŠ®²zš®±î® u¯QŒµS®¢îµ. ArÙî®±„µà‡®± HŠ®l®² N®lµ‡®± î®±wµq®w® N®ïS®¢S®², y®ºmq®‹S®² q®î®Š®± î®±wµ‡®¾¯Tq®±Ù.
10. î¯d ý®u® î®±u®±Š® N®ï‡®±ºq®² N®w®Ýl®u® K…à î®±œ®q®æu® N®ï‡®¾¯T N¯î®ã, ý¯š®w® î®±q®±Ù Sµ²î®±âh š®±Ùr AÇ®ÔN®î®w®±Ý …Šµvu¯Ûwµ; N®w®Ýl® š¯Ÿq®ãu®ªå S®oãw¯Tu®Ûwµ.
11. î¯d ý®u®ªå N¯ý®ãy® Sµ²°q®ä, N¹ºmw®ãSµ²°q®ä, „¯Š®u¯æc Sµ²°q®ä, œ¯‹°q® Sµ²°q®ä, š¯ºP¯ã‡®±w® Sµ²°q®ä î®±q®±Ù ¯u¯ºq® Sµ²°q®ä−Hº… BŠ®± Sµ²°q®äS®¢u®±Û. CS®¡®ªå y®äš¯Š®u® u®³™Ô‰±ºu® N¹ºmw®ãSµ²°q®äu®î®Š®± î¯ãy®N®î¯T N¯o±q¯ÙŠµ. N¹ºmw®ã Sµ²°q®äu® y¯äY°w®q®î®± EŒµå°Q …w®î¯›‡®± N®u®º…Š® þ®Êºu®î®î®±«w®, Oä.ý®. 3−4 wµ‡®± ý®q®î®¾¯w®u®, î®±¡®î®¢ë (y¯N®³q®) ý¯š®w®u®ªå‡µ±° ›S®±q®Ùuµ. [Corpus of Kadamba Inscriptions (1985) No. 1.3.4 C.A.D. pp.3-7] œµ²‡®±é¡® Š¯cãu® y®ä›u®Ü šµ°w¯xS®¡¯u® S®ºS®Š¯c (H.N®. 11.82 (73) 1118 y®¼.64) „µ²y®Þuµ°î® y®¼. 355. H.N®.9 (1990) 389(5 „µ°. 124) 1133 …›Ùœ®¢ë (œ¯d) „µ°. (Auµ°: 532 (384) 12 ý®.y®¼. 327) IYŠ¯c (Auµ°:) l¯N®Š®š® î®±q®±Ù w¯N®ou®ºl®w¯‡®±N®. î®±¥¿‡®¾¯wµ u®ºl®w¯‡®±N®, „®Š®rî®±‡®±ã u®ºl®w¯‡®±N® [H.N®. 7(1979) w¯î®±º 72 (4 w¯î®±º 32) 1048−1103 î®±q®±Ù 1182−83 î®±q®±Ù A¢°š®ºu®ä (î®±ºl®ã dŒµå/w¯î®±ºq¯) y®¼. 56−57] Cµ©å N¹ºmw®ã Sµ²°q®äcŠ®± y®ä‡®¾¯S® î®±q®±Ù N¹ý¯º† (N¹š®î®±u®) œ®rÙŠ® CŠ®±î® y®„µ²°š¯ Hº…ªåw® HŠ®l®± S®±œµS®¡®ªå Oä.y®½. HŠ®l®wµ‡®± ý®q®î®¾¯w®u® ªz‡®± Œµ°Qïuµ; D ý¯š®w®u®ªå `AŸX®Ðq®äu® Bǯl®šµ°w®w®± N¯ý®ãz°‡®± Aœ®«ºq®xS¯T D S®±œµS®¡®w®±Ý u¯w®î®¾¯du®w®±'− Hºvuµ. î®u®«î®¾¯w® î®±œ¯ï°Š®w®± N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°q®äu®î® w¯Tu®Ûw®±. î®±œ¯ï°Š®w® þÇ®ã y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®± î®±±xS®¡®± N¯ý®ãz°‡®± Aœ®«ºq®Š®± [l¯.Ÿ°Š¯ Œ¯Œ¬ bµ¶w¬: 1971:382]. î®±œ¯ï°Š®w® q®ºuµ ›u¯Üs®«w®± N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°rä°‡®±w®± î®±q®±Ù q¯‰± z䇮±N¯‹p‡®±± î¯›Ç®Õ Sµ²°q®äu®î®¡®±, DNµ Xµ°hN®Š¯cw® î®±S®¡®± [l¯.N®î®±Œ¯ œ®ºy®w¯: Awµ°N¯ºq®î¯u® : 1982];

u®±‹q®N®±¡¯ºq®N®º X®Š®î®±r°q®Ú«N®Š®º ï„®±ï°Š®w¯s®x° u®Šµ r¢î®ºq®± œµ°‡®±ï±u®œµ . . . . u®±š®î®±š®Ùq®q®æî®±º y®‹ïm‰±ºuµ yµ°¡®±Û cw®î®±º ®îµ²°£® y®s®NµÊrvÛ« †q®Ù‹›u® î®±±OÙ N¯wµÙ‡®± ©q¯ºS®î®±w®zÞu® xºu®ä vq®º| B wµS®¡®Ûºqµ N®ý®ãy®xw¯u®±u®± N¯ý®ãy®Sµ²°q®äï±°cw®º b¯Ów® ïu¯w® w¯dw®w® š®u®±Ûo w¯‡®±N®Š®Tä¯î®vÃb¯ÓxS®¡®y®ÞS¹q®î®± î®±±x [H.N®. 8−2 (1902) šµ²Š®…. 262.1075. N®±y®Þh²Š®± (þd/šµ²Š®…q¯) y®¼. 110. š¯©±: 31−33]. D ‹°r‡®±ªå Cªå …Š®±î® Sµ²°q®äS®¡®± vN®Š®©²å, bµ¶w®Š®©²å y¯äY°w® N¯©vºu® Cîµ.

12. î¯dý®î®¼ y®äu¯w®î¯T î®±q®±Ù î®±²©q®» „¯äœ®âo î®±wµq®w®. Bu®Šµ Au®Š®ªå HŠ®l®± ý¯PµS®¡¯u®î®¼ ; Kºu®± „¯äœ®âoŠ¯T‡µ±° E¢u®± …ºu® ýµ¶î®y®ºS®lµ; Cwµ²Ýºu®± bµ¶w®Š¯T î®±q¯ºq®Š® ¯mu® bµ¶w® ý¯Pµ.
13. bµ¶w® î¯dý®u®î®Š®², ýµ¶î® î¯dý®u®î®Š®², N®Œ¯ão X¯¡®±N®ã š¯î®¾¯äcã y®ä…©î¯T E¢u®± „µ¡µ‡®±©± q®±º… š®œ¯‡®± ¯mu¯ÛŠµ. X¯¡®±N®ã šµ°wµ‡®±ªå î¯dN®±©u®î®Š®± X®î®±²y®rS®¡¯T
î®±±ºX®²p‡®±ªåu®ÛŠ®±.
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qµ¶©y®w® î®±S®w¯u® C‹î®„µl®ºS® š®q¯ãý®ä‡®±w® N¯©NµÊ šµ°‹u®, Aw¯s® uµ°î¯©‡®±îµ½ºu®Š® S®„®«S®³œ®u®ªåŠ®±î® Kºu®± N®º…u® îµ±°ªw® y®¼hÔý¯š®w® u®ªåŠ®±î® KN®Ênµ: A‡®±ãw®îµ½¡®©± Hº… S¯äî®±u® œµ²© î®±q®±Ù NµŠµ‡®±w®±Ý î¯dN®±©u® Nµš®w®î®±‡®±ãxSµ y®w®Ýš®î¯T (š®ºš®Êȳq®: y®ºX¯ý®q¬: qµ‹Sµ ïw¯‰±r „®²ï±) Š¯cw® AºS®Š®£®N® î®±q®±Ù q®ºq®äy¯©w¯u® AŠ®š®y®‡®±ãw®± Nµ²hÔw®±. ý¯š®w® œ¯S®² uµ°î¯©‡®±u® N¯©, š®Ú¡®, š®ºxîµ°ý®, Nµ²l®±Sµ−Cî®w®±Ý S®î®±x›u®Šµ î¯dN®±©u® D Nµš®w®î®±‡®±ãw®± (ArÙî®±„µà‡®± y®r‡®¾¯u®) w¯S®uµ°î®w® As®î¯ Bq®w® î®±S®w¯u® ApÝS®uµ°î®w® q®î®±âxvÛŠ® …œ®±uµºu®², D y¯¡®±uµ°S®±© Kºu®± N¯©u® š®±›ÚŠ® …š®v‡®¾¯TvÛŠ® …œ®±uµºu®² „¯î®wµ î®±²mq®Ùuµ; Bu®Šµ Cºs® r°î®¾¯«w®S®¢Sµ AS®q®ãî¯u® QYq® Bu¯Š®S®¢©å [HBŠ¬JC 1958. w®º. 1007. y®¼oãîµ½°©± (Bºu®ä: ®ºS®Œ¬ dŒµå/q¯) y®¼. 4].

rä„®±î®w®î®±©å ïN®ä¯vq®ã Š¯cw® B¢NµSµ šµ°‹u® ý®š®w®îµ½ºu®Š®ªå
u®±S®«Š¯cwµº„¯q®w® y®äš¯Ùy® D š®ºy®ä…ºu®u® db¯Óšµ‡®± N®£µSµ y®äš®±Ùq®î¯Tuµ. î¯dN®±¡® š¯ºP¯ã‡®±w® Sµ²°q®äu® y®ºy®Š¯cw® î®±S® u®±S®«Š¯cw®± î®±²©š¯Úw® u®±Sµ°«ý®æŠ® uµ°î®‹Sµ `î®±hN®Êî®±ªå‡®± ïu¯ãu¯w®N®Êº' u¯w®ïq®Ùw®±. IX®Š¯cw® î®±S® u®±S®«›ºœ®, u®±S®«›ºœ®w® î®±S® y®ºy®Š¯c, y®ºy®Š¯cw® î®±S®w®± u®±S®«Š¯c [š¹.C.C. 9−1, 160, 1091−92, Nµ²¡®Ì©±å (…¡¯ë‹ dŒµå. þŠ®S®±y®Þ q¯©²åN®±) y®¼. 147−48]. Cwµ²Ýºu®± ý¯š®w®u®ªå š®ºvÃïS®äŸ y®u®âŠ®š®w® y®äš¯Ùy®ïuµ: š®N®¡®N®¡¯…䜮⺠ý¯†ÛN® r¡®N®º …䜮âN®ï X®²l¯î®±p î¯dN®±¡® w®„®š®Ú¡® Š®ï N¹þN® Sµ²°q®äº y®ïq®äº š®ºvà ïS®äŸ y®u®âº š®ºvÃïS®äŸ y®u®âŠ®š®º þî®y¯u®ýµ°QŠ®º [š¹.C.C. 9−1, 50. 1005. ‡®±ª ›Š®²Š¬ (u¯d./S®u®S® q¯.) y®¼. 37 š¯©±: 2−3].

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1. y®ºy®‡®±ã: Oä.ý®. 942; Šµ²°o ý®š®wµ²°N®Ù
2. u®©åy®‡®±: 965; ©N®±Êºm ý®š®wµ²°N®Ù
3. w¯S®uµ°î®: 980; ArÙî®±„µà‡®± y®r
4. ApÝS®uµ°î®: 1007; w¯S®uµ°î® î®±q®±Ù ArÙî®±„µà‡®±Š® î®±S®
5. X®ºu®äŠ¯c: 1025; î®±u®w® r©N® N¯î®ãu® N®ï
6. w¯S®î®î®±«: 1049; q®l®N®©±å ý¯š®wµ²°N®Ù
7. N¯¢î®±‡®±ã: 1071; q®l®N®©±å ý¯š®wµ²°N®Ù.
8. ¯YŠ¯c (y®ä„®±î®¾¯Y): 1079; H.N®. 8−2 š¯S®Š®. 109
9. w¯S®Š¯c: 1123−23; †î®±Š¯ ý¯š®wµ²°N®Ù
10. œ®±¡®ëî®±‡®±ã: 1163; ý®äî®o„µ¡®±Sµ²¡® ý¯š®wµ²°N®Ù
11. uµ°î®y®‡®±ã: 1174; ý¯š®w®N®ï
12. Šµ°X®o (Šµ°X®Š®š®): 1180: ý¯š®wµ²°N®Ù, N¯îµ½ã°N®Ù
13. î®±u®±Š®N®ï: 1385; X®ºy®½N®ï, ý¯š®w®N®ï

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