Jain World
 
     
  Email this page       

Combining  JAIN aspirations..Globally...... Mission*24L*
Jain World
Sub-Categories  of DANACHINTAMANI

CHAPTER-1

CHAPTER-2
CHAPTER-3
CHAPTER-4
CHAPTER-5
CHAPTER-6
CHAPTER-7
CHAPTER-8
CHAPTER-9
CHAPTER-10
CHAPTER-11
CHAPTER-12
CHAPTER-13
CHAPTER-14
CHAPTER-15
CHAPTER-16
CHAPTER-17
CHAPTER-18
CHAPTER-19
CHAPTER-20
CHAPTER-21
CHAPTER-22
CHAPTER-23
CHAPTER-24
CHAPTER-25
CHAPTER-26
CHAPTER-27

y¯ä¯w®š®º¯u®°‡®±

„Â¯Š®r°‡®± ïX¯Š® y®än¯ª‡®±w®²Ý š¯ºš®örN® y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±w®²Ý š®î®±³u®Ü Sµ²¢š®±î®u®Š®ªå

bµ¶w®u®9 oe¯S®² bµ¶w¯X¯‡®±9Š®± …oe®± uµ²l®Ö šµ°îµ‡®±w®±Ý š®ªå›u¯Ûе. ®±Ùx™ÔNµ²°oî®xÝh±Ô

ïX¯Š® ¯mu®Šµ bµ¶w®u®9 xcî¯T‡®±² „Â¯Š®r°‡®± u®9î¯Tuµ.oeµ°Sµºu®Šµ bµ¶w® ïX¯Š®

y®än¯ª‡®± y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±± î®±²oeµºbµ²u¯Šµ² š®ºš®ör‡®±î®ŠµS®² oeµ²°T q®©±y®¼q®Ùuµ;

y¯äY°w®q®î®± bµ¶w®S®±oeµS®¡®± bµ¶w® þOE¯OEµ°Q. bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®± î®±q®±Ù bµ¶w® î®±²r9S®¡®±

„Â¯Š®q®u® H©å „¯S®S®¡®ªå‡®±² ©†Ãš®±q®Ùîµ. DS®©² N®²l® bµ¶w¬ u®9u® Aw®±‡®¾¯‰±S®¡®±

KºvOEµ²åºu®± š®æŠ®²y®u®ªå w®î®±â D ïý¯©î¯u® „Â¯Š®q® uµ°ý®u®ªå H©lµ‡®±ªå‡®±² ®

¯mu¯Ûе.  

 „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®ör‡®± A„¯ã›S®¢Sµ bµ¶w®u®9, bµ¶w®š¯Ÿq®ã, bµ¶w¬ N®OEµ,

bµ¶w®r°s®9£µ°q®äS®¡®± î®±q®±Ù bµ¶w®y®Š®ºy®Šµ Cîµ° îµ²u®OE¯u®î®¼S®¡® ï®î¯u® A„¯㚮î®w®±Ý

¯l®±î® Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‰±uµ. D ïÇ®‡®±S®¡® B¡®î¯u® oe¯S®² š®y®ä¯o A„¯㚮 î®±q®±Ù š®ºýµ²°u®w®

¯l®±î®u®N¯ÊT „µ°N¯TŠ®±î® š¯u®w®S®¡®± ïy®¼©î¯Tîµ. A©åuµ A „µ°Šµ „µ°Šµ „¯ǵS®¡®ªå,

ïïu® š®ºýµ²°u®w¯q®âN® S®äºs®S®¡®ªå A©åªå oe®±u®±TNµ²ºmîµ. D H©å š¯u®w®S®¡® A„¯㚮î®w®±Ý

š¯ºSµ²°y¯ºS®î¯T‡®±² š®î®±S®äî¯T‡®±² ¯m, ïu¯æºš®Š® î®±±ºuµ y¯ä¯pN®î¯T

î®±ºmš®±î® Bî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±± Aq®ãºq® r°î®äî¯T „¯š®î¯S®±rÙq®±Ù. îµ±°OEµ EOEµå°R›u® ïïu®

ïÇ®‡®±S®¡®w®±Ý N®±‹q®±, ïu®ïu® S®ºs®S®¡®² y®ä…ºu®S®¡®² EAy®©…Üî¯Tîµ. Bu®Šµ D H©å

š¯u®w®S®¡® y®‹þ°©w¯q®âN® A„¯㚮 ¯m, q®N®9š®î®±âq® ïX¯Š® y®u®Ûr‡®±w®Ýw®±š®‹›, S®äºs®

е²y®u®ªå Š®Y›, ïu¯æºš®Š® î®±±ºuµ Kºuµlµ‡®±ªå î®±ºmš®±î® Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±± …oe®¡®î¯Tq®±Ù.

Cºs®uµ²ºu®± Nµ²Š®qµ‰±uµ Hº… Nµ²Š®S®± …oe®±N¯©vºu®©² oe®³u®‡®±î®w®±Ý Nµ²Šµ‡®±±q®Ùªq®±Ù.

 

 w®w®Ý š®oe®‡µ²°T ïu¯æw¬ l¯.Ÿ°Š¯OE¯© bµ¶w®Š® y®‹X®‡®±î®w®±Ý „Â¯Š®r°‡®± ïu¯æºš®‹Sµ

¯mNµ²l®±î® Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‰±©å. š¯Ÿq®ã £µ°q®äu®ªå š®î®9 š®Þþ9 A„¯㚮 î®±q®±Ù š®ºýµ²°u®w®

¯l®±î®ºs® A® š®î®±q®²N®u® ïu¯æºš®Š®± w®î®±â uµ°ý®u®ªå …oe®± N®mîµ±. š®ºš®öq® š¯Ÿq®ã î®±q®±Ù

y¯äY°w® „Â¯Š®r°‡®± Croe¯š® CS®¡® …SµÌ A® A„¯㚮 …oe®± uµ²l®Öu¯Tuµ. A® bµ¶w®

u®9u® A„¯㚮 B¡®î¯Tu®±Û, A®± …еu® ïïu® ïÇ®‡®±S®¡® îµ±°ªw® š®ºýµ²°u®w¯q®âN® S®äºs®

oe¯S®² y®‹þ°©w¯q®âN® x…ºu®S®¡®w®±Ý wµ²°mu®Šµ B B‡®¾¯ ïÇ®‡®±S®¡® xŠ®²y®nµ‡®±w®±Ý HÇ®±Ô

xX®Ï¡®î¯T‡®±² š®î®±S®äî¯T‡®±² ¯l®±q®Ù…±u®± š®oe®cî¯TN®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. u®î®OE¯i°N¯

š®Ÿq® Ç®g¬ Qºl¯S®î®± Hº… î®±oe¯w¬ S®äºs®u® y®ä¯o„®²q® BrÙ‡®±w®±Ý y®äN®hSµ²¢›,

bµ¶w®u®9 oe¯S®± bµ¶w®î¯W⇮±u® xš¯æs®9 šµ°îµ‡®±w®±Ý C®± ¯mu¯Ûе. Au®±

B⊵p°‡®±î¯Tuµ. Auµ° y®äN¯Š® A®± ¯mu® Ay®„®äºý® š¯Ÿq®ãu® Eu¯ÛŠ®î®¼ „Â¯Š®r°‡®±

š¯Ÿq®ãu® Eu¯ÜŠ®î®¼ „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š¯Ÿq®ã £µ°q®äu®ªå Aq®ãºq® î®±oe®q®æ y®½o9î¯Tuµ.  

 ïu®„®9 î®±oe¯ïu¯ã©‡®±, w¯ y®¼Š® î®±oe¯ïu¯ã©‡®±, îµ¶ý¯ª° ïu¯ãz°j®  

î®±q®±Ù c…©y®¼Š® ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®± D š®Ú¡®S®¡®ªå K…à Aq®ãºq® xǯØq® ïu¯æw®  

î®±q®±Ù š®q®qµ²°uµ²ã°T þ£®N®Šµºu®± A®± š®ºy¯v›u® O°r9‡®±± S¹Š®î¯š®Þu®î¯Tuµ. îµ¶ý¯ª°

ïu¯ãz°j®u® y¯äŠ®º„®u®ªå y¯ý®æ9„®²ï±‡®±w®±Ý  

Š®²zš®±î®¼u®Š®ªå A®± …oe®¡µ° ý®ä›u®Š®±. îµ¶ý¯ª° š®ºýµ²°u®w® î®±ºvŠ®u® y®äî®±±Q

š®ºX¯©N® î®±q®±Ù y¯äN®³rN® š¯Ÿq®ã, bµ¶w® ›u¯Üºq® oe¯S®² AŸºš¯ q®q®æb¯Ó D £µ°q®äu®ªå‡®± K…à

Ÿ‹‡®± A„¯㚮N®Š®± š®ºýµ²°u®N®Š®± oe¯Sµ‡µ±° B £µ°q®äu®ªå‡®± q®Š®±o db¯Óš®±S®¢Sµ

¯S®9u®ý®9N®Š®± Hº… ïïu® AºS®S®¡®ªå A®± ¯mu® N¯Š®ã Aq®ãºq® Ey®‡®±±N®Ùu®±

xý®Ï‡®±î¯Tuµ . „Â¯Š®r°‡®± W¯Ów® z°j®u® š¯ºš®örN® y®äN¯ý®w® oe¯S®² d°î®Š¯c S®äºs®

¯OEµ‡®± y®äN¯ý®w® N¯‡®±9S®¡®ªå A®± x°mŠ®±î® Aî®±²©ã š®oe®‡µ²°S®î®¼ S®äºs®š®ºy¯u®N®Š®±

Bu®ý®9î¯u®u¯ÛTuµ° .

 

 Oä.ý®.1960 wµ‡®± î®Ç®9 î®±u®ãy®äuµ°ý® ý¯š®w® š¯Ÿq®ã y®‹Ç®rÙw® Bî®±ºq®äoî®w®±Ý ›æ°N®‹›

"„Â¯Š®r°‡®± š¯ºš®örîµ± bµ¶w®u®9N¯ ‡µ²°S®u¯w®" Hº… ïÇ®‡®±î®w®±Ý N®±‹q®± l¯.Ÿ°Š¯OE¯©

bµ¶w® C®± w¯©±Ê î¯ãP¯ãw®S®¢xÝq®ÙŠ®±. (1) bµ¶w®u®9u® Eu®‡®± î®±q®±Ù ïN¯š®, (2)bµ¶w¬  

š¯Ÿq®ã, (3) bµ¶w®u®ý®9w® î®±q®±Ù (4)bµ¶w®N®OEµ C w¯©±Ê î¯ãP¯ãw®u® ïÇ®‡®±S®¡¯Tu®î®¼. D

î¯ãP¯ãw®S®¡®± B N¯©u® î®±u®ãy®äuµ°ý®u® î®±±Qãî®±ºrä (1)l¯. Nµ¶OE¯š®w¯s® N¯hc±, ïu¯w®

𮄵‡®± Au®㣮 (2) y®º.N®±ºd°OE¯© u®±„µ, As®9î®±ºrä (3) §° ï±§°OE¯© S®ºS®î¯© î®±q®±Ù

þ£®o î®±ºrä (4) ý®ºN®Š®u®‡®¾¯© ý®î®¾¯9 D w¯©±Ê cw®Š® Au®㣮qµ‡®±ªå N®äî®±vºu® w®lµu®±î®¼.

q®Š®±î¯‡®± Cîµ° î¯ãP¯ãw®S®¡®w®±Ý ïš®Ùȳq® ‹°r‰±ºu® …剱›Nµ²ºl®± „µ²°y¯¡®u®ªå‡®±

î®±u®ãy®äuµ°ý® ý¯š®w® š¯Ÿq®ã y®‹Ç®q®±Ù Oä.ý®.1962wµ‡®± î®Ç®9 S®äºs® Š®²y®vºu® y®äN®i›q®±.  

 l¯.Ÿ°Š¯OE¯© bµ¶w®Š®ºs® ïu¯æºš®‹ºu® …凮±©ÞhÔ D î®±oe®q®æy®½o9 S®äºs®î®¼ Ÿºv°

„¯ǵ‡®±ªå y®äN®h±q®±. Au®± N®w®ÝmS®‹Sµ 𮱩„®î¯T Lu®©± š¯u®ãî¯TŠ®ª©å. Cºs®

A„¯㚮y®½o9 S®äºs®u® y®äX¯Š®î®½ N®w®Ýl®w¯mw®ªå BS®„µ°Nµºu®² Cu®Š®ªå‡®± ¹ªN® ïX¯Š®S®¡®±

N®w®Ýl® î¯X®N®‹Sµ 𮱩„®‹°r‰±ºu® ©†Ã𮄵°Nµºu®² D S®äºs®u® N®w®Ýl® Aw®±î¯u®î®w®±Ý cw®qµ‡®±

Hu®±‹Sµ Cl®©± d°î®Š¯c S®äºs® ¯OEµ‡®± y®äu¯w® š®ºy¯u®N®‹Sµ Aq®ãºq® Bw®ºu®î¯S®±rÙuµ. D

N®w®Ýl® Aw®±î¯u®î®w®±Ý y®äN®i𮩱, î®±u®ãy®äuµ°ý® ý¯š®w® š¯Ÿq®ã y®‹Ç®q®±Ù, „µ²°y¯¡®, D š®ºšµÚ‡®±

AvÃN¯‹S®¡®± KzÞSµ‡®±xÝq®ÙŠ®±; oe¯S®² l¯.Ÿ°Š¯OE¯© bµ¶w® C®± D N¯‡®±9NµÊ EqµÙ°cw®î®w®±Ý

x°mu®Š®±. Au®N¯ÊT S®äºs®î®¾¯OEµ‡®± š®ºy¯u®N®Š®± ASµ Aq®ãºq® G±p‡®¾¯Tu¯Ûе.  

 S®äºs®î®¾¯OEµ‡®± y®äN¯ý®w® N¯‡®±Áu®ªå w®î®±â AuÂ®ã£®Š¯u® §°î®¾¯w¬ ýµ°j® OE¯©X®ºu®

Ÿ°Š¯X®ºu® C®± Aq®ãºq® BšµÚ‰±ºu® „¯S®î®Ÿš®±q¯Ùе. w®î®±â Aq®ãºq® u®£® î®±q®±Ù Eq¯éŸ

î®±ºrä §°î®¾¯w¬ ýµ°j® X®ºu® uµ°î®X®ºu® ý®oe¯ C®± D S¯äºs® y®äN¯ý®w® N¯‡®±Áu®ªå

ïïu® ‹°r‰±ºu® š®oe¯‡®± š®ªå›u¯Ûе. A©åuµ vS®q® §° ýµ°j® ¯pN®X®ºu® ï°Š®X®ºu® ý®oe¯

CS®² D y®äN¯ý®w®u®ªå Eq®Êh BšµÚ‰±q®±Ù. Bu®Šµ u®±uµ¶9î®vºu® D S®äºs®u® y®äN¯ý®w®î®¼

A® d°ïq® N¯©u®ªå BS®ª©å. Cw®±Ý D S®äºs®u®ªå …Š®±î® Yq¯ä‡®±w®±Ý î®±±väš®±î®u®Nµºu®±

y¯ä. l¯. N®±©„®²Ç®o OEµ²°Qºlµ C®± y®ä‡®±q®Ýy®½î®9N® y®m‡®±X®±ÏS®¡®w®±Ý uµ²Š®O›Nµ²h±Ô D

N¯‡®±Áu®ªå š®oe®N®‹›u¯Ûе. Cµ©å‹S®² w¯î®½ Aq®ãºq® N®³q®cÓŠ¯TuµÛ°îµ.  

 D S®äºs®u® N®w®Ýl® Aw®±î¯u®î®w®±Ý ýµ°l®„¯¡® ý¯ºršµ°î¯ š®u®w®u® §° An¯ØŠ¯‡®± Ay®ÞoØ

ï±d9 C®± Aq®ãºq® q®q®ÞŠ®qµ‰±ºu® ¯mNµ²hÔŠ®±. '„Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®ÊȳrSµ bµ¶w® u®9u®

Nµ²l®±Sµ ' Hº… D S®äºs®u® î®±±u®äo N¯‡®±9î®w®±Ý Aq®ãºq® xǵՉ±ºu® ¯m›Nµ²ºl®Š®±. D

HOE¯å Nµ©š®N¯ÊT w¯î®½ ASµ N®³q®cÓŠ¯TuµÛ°îµ. oe¯Sµ‡µ±° D S®äºs®u® î®±±u®äoî®w®±Ý î®ãî®›Úq®

‹°r‰±ºu® ¯mNµ²hÔ …SµÌ îµ±¶š®²‹w® Eǯ yµä›éw® Klµ‡®±Š¯u® §° BЬ Hw¬. oe®…±à

CS®² w¯î®¼ N®³q®cÓqµ‡®±w®±Ý Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±± Cuµ.  

 Nµ²OE¯y®½Š® B. wµ°. Ey¯uÂµã  

 ïc‡®±u®ý®ï±°, 1970  

 îµ²u®© ¯q®±  

 „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®örSµ u®9, u®ý®9w®, š¯Ÿq®ã î®±q®±Ù N®OEµ Cîµ° y®äî®±±Q AºS®S®¡¯Tîµ. D

X®q®±Š®î®±±QS®¡®ªå‡®±² w®î®±â š®ºš®ö‡®±± Aq®ãºq® y¯äY°w®N¯©vºu®©² ïN¯š®Sµ²¡®±ëq®Ù …ºvuµ,

y®‹y®½o9qµ‡®±q®Ùš¯Tuµ. w®î®±â uµ°ý® ي®î¯u®±u®±; Cªå‡®± cw®Š® Bu¯ãrâN® š¯u®wµ‡®±±

ïïu® î®±±Qî¯u®±u®±; „¯ǵ, š¯Ÿq®ã, N®sµS®¡®± „µ¡®î®pSµ‡®±² Awµ°N® î®±±Qãî¯u®±u®±; u®9,

u®ý®9w®S®¡®ªå‡®±² îµ¶ïu®ãqµ‡®±± š®N®™Ôuµ. CåS®¡® š®î®±S®äoe® ïN¯š®, š®îµ½Á°u®‡®± „¯î®,

š®î®±w®æ‡®± u®³™ÔS®¢ºu® „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®ör‡®±± Š®²y®Sµ²ºmuµ. Cºs® ïý¯©î¯u® š®ºš®örSµ

bµ¶w®u¬Áu® Nµ²l®±Sµ Iw®±? HÇ®±Ô? Hºs®uµº…±u®w®±Ý š®²Yš®±î® N®³r‰±u®±.  

 „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®Êȳr‡®± y®äî¯oe®î®¼ BŠ®º„®N¯©vºu®©² ý®äî®o î®±q®±Ù îµ¶vN® Hº…

HŠ®l®± †Ãw®Ý N®î®©±S®¡®ªå oe®‹‡®±±q®Ù …ºvuµ. AS®¡®ªå ý®äî®o y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®± AºS®î¯T

®¢u®±u®± bµ¶w® š®ºš®Êȳr‡®¾¯Tuµ. bµ¶w® r°s®ÁºN®Š®‹S®² BX¯‡®±9‹S®² cw®d°î®w®î®w®±Ý

oe®š®w®Sµ²¢›, îµ±°OEµq®±Ùu®Š® N®lµT°wµ° u®³™Ô. Au®NµÊ cw®‹Sµ As®Áî¯S®±î® ‡®¾¯î® „¯ǵ‡®¾¯u®Š®±

w®lµv°q®±; ‡®¾¯î® y¯äºq®u® ‡®¾¯î® cw¯ºS®î¯u®Š®² w®lµv°q®±, Au®‹ºu® bµ¶w®u®ï±Á°‡®±‹Sµ

š®î®±S®ä „Â¯Š®r°‡®± u®³™Ô‰±uµ; ïý®æN®OE¯ãou® ¯S®Áu®ªå î®±±w®Ýlµ‰±uµ. Ÿ°TŠ®±î®¼u®‹ºu® bµ¶w®  

š¯Ÿq®ã ïïu® „Â¯Š®r°‡®± „¯ǵ°S®¡®OEµå©å „µ¡µu®± …ºvuµ. Au®Š®ºqµ N®OEµ‡®±± Awµ°N®

y¯äºq®S®¡®ªå Xµ©±åvuµ; N®OE¯î®¢‡®±± ïïu® î®±±QS®¡®ªå N®±m‰±iÔuµ, „µ¡µu®± oe®†à

oe®ºu®Š®î¯T xºruµ.u®9 N®²l® uµ°ý®u® ïïu® „¯S®S®¡® cw®qµ‡®±ªå ›ÚŠ®î¯T wµOEµSµ²ºmuµ.

u®ý®Áw®î®¼ A® d°î®w® u®³™Ô‡®±w®±Ý Š®²z›uµ. Cºs® ïý¯©î¯u® bµ¶w® š®ºš®Êȳr‡®±w®±Ý

š®î®±S®äî¯T A„®㛛, Au®Š® Š®²y®Šµ°PµS®¡®w®±Ý Yrä›, „Â¯Š®r°‡®± š®ºš®Êȳr‡®±ªå Au®Š® y¯©±

HǵԺ…±u®w®±Ý š®²Yš®²î®¼u®± …oe®¼ N®Ç®Ôš¯u®ãî¯u® N¯‡®±Áî¯Tuµ. Au®w®±Ý y®Š®î®±y®½cã

l¯.Ÿ°Š¯OE¯© bµ¶w® A®± D S®äºs®u®ªå š¯vÛu¯Ûе.  

 Ÿºv° „¯ǵ‡®±ªå î¯ãP¯ãw®Š®²y®vºu® î®ãN®ÙSµ²ºl®Š®² D S®äºs®î®¼ Kºu®±

N®³r¯q®äå. š®ºš®Êȳr‡®± A„¯ã›S®¡®± ïïu® N®³rS®¡®w®±Ý Š®Y𮩱, î®±²© ®±ÙS®¡®w®±Ý Ku®Tš®±î®

Kºu®± š®±y®¼Ç®Ô †°cNµ²°Ç®î¯Tuµ. Cu®‹ºu® ïÇ®‡®±î®w®±Ý HrÙNµ²ºl®±, B ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå A„¯㚮

î®±±ºu®‹›, Cw®²Ý ي®î¯u® £µ°q®äS®¡®w®±Ý y®äîµ°þ𮩱 Boe¯æw®î®xݰ‡®±±î® ïX¯Š®îµ°vNµS®¡®ªåîµ;

š®±ºu®Š®î¯u® oeµ„¯àT©±S®¡®² Cªåîµ.Cºs® Kºu®± Ay®½î®9 S®äºs®î®¼ A„¯ã›S®¡¯u® N®w®ÝmS®Š®

Nµ¶‡®±ªåŠ®ª Hº… î®±wµ²°„¯î®vºu® Cu®w®±Ý N®w®Ým›u¯ÛTuµ. N®w®Ýl® ïX¯Š® š¯Ÿq®ãu®ªå D

S®äºs®Nµ²Êºu®± ïþÇ®Ô š¯Úw®î®½ Cuµ.  

 D S®äºs®î®w®±Ý N®w®Ýmš®±î®u®NµÊ yµä°Š®N®ý®OÙ‡®¾¯u®î®Š®± y®Š®î®±y®½cã l¯.Bvw¯s® wµ°ï±w¯s®

Ey¯sµã‡®±î®Š®±. Aµ° d°î®Š¯c S®äºs®î®¾¯OEµ‡®±ªå Cu®± y®äN®hSµ²¡®±ëqµ‡®±² ¯mu®Š®±.

N¯þ‡®± „Â¯Š®r°‡®± b¯Ów®z°j®vºu¯S®ª, šµ²OE¯åy®¼Š®u® bµ¶w® š®ºš®Êȳr š®ºŠ®£®N® š®ºU®vºu¯S®ª

N®w®Ýl® S®äºs® y®äN¯ý®w®î®¼ w®lµ‡®±±rÙu®±Ûu®± D Ÿ‹‡®± y®ä‡®±q®Ývºu®OEµ°. Au®N¯ÊT N®w®Ýl® cw®qµ‡®±±

D î®±oe®x°‡®±Š®w®±Ý HÇ®±Ô A†Ãw®ºv›u®Š®² N®mîµ±‡µ±. Cºs® Aºq®Š® Н™ó‡®± ïu¯æºš®Š®

¯ªNµ‡®±ªå šµ°Š®±î® l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± Cv°S® îµ±¶š®²Š® ïý®æïu¯ãx©‡®±u®ªå …ºu®±,¯w®š®

S®ºSµ²°r䇮±ªå ﱺu®±, N®w®Ýl®w¯l® uµ°ï‡®± BНu®wµSµ xºq®±u®± w®îµ±â©åŠ® 𹄝S®ãî¯Tuµ. Cºs®

š®±š®ºu®„®9u®ªå D S®äºs®î®¼ y®äN®hSµ²¡®±ërÙŠ®±î®¼uµ²ºu®± ‡µ²°S¯‡µ²°S®îµ° BTuµ; N®w®Ýl®u®

ý®±„µ²°u®‡®±î¯Tuµ.  

 Cªå S®äºs®u® ïÇ®‡®±u®OE¯åS®ª, Aw®±î¯u®w®u® ïÇ®‡®±u®OE¯åS®ª oeµYÏSµ oeµ°¡®±î® Sµ²l®îµSµ

oeµ²°S®±î®¼v©å N®³r‡®±wµÝ° Nµ¶‡®±ªål®±î¯S® B ¯rw® Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±² qµ²°Š®±î®¼v©å. Hºvw®ºqµ

D w®w®Ý Aw®±î¯u® N®³r‡®±w®±Ý AN®Ê剱ºu® N®w®ÝmS®Š®± ›æ°N®‹š®„µ°Nµºu®± y¯ätÁš®±îµ.  

 šµ°l®„¯¡®  

31-1-71 ï±dÁ An¯ØŠ¯‡®±  

 ïÇ®‡®¾¯w®±N®äî®±pNµ  

1. bµ¶w®u®Áu® Eu®‡®± î®±q®±Ù ïN¯š® ..... 1-58  

 bµ¶w®u®Áu® Н™Ô°‡®± „®²ï±Nµ - 1, Eu¯Š® x°r‡®±, šµ¶u¯ÜºrN® BuÂ¯Š® - 6,

y¯äY°w® Croe¯š® - 11, Bvr°s®ÁN®Š® î®±q®±Ù î¯q®Š®ý®w¯î®±±x - 13, îµ¶vN®š¯Ÿq®ãu® ‡®±r

î®±q®±Ù î¯äq®ã -22, rs®ÁºN®Š® w®ï± -23, rs®ÁºN®Š® wµ°ï±w¯s® - 25, rs®ÁºN®Š® y¯ý®æÁw¯s®

- 25, rs®ÁºN®Š® î®u®Á¯w® î®±oe¯ï°Š® - 27, î®±oe¯ï°Š® š®ºU® î®ãµÚ î®±q®±Ù Ey®uµ°ý® -

30, î®±oe¯ï°Š® xî¯ÁoN¯© -30, S¹q®î®±_Nµ°þ° š®ºî¯u® -33, ýµæ°q¯º…Š® š®ºy®äu¯‡®±u®

S®o„µ°u® -35, y®äY°w® Jroe¯›N® N¯©S®owµ 37, I¡®± xw®êî® î®±q®±Ù vS®º…Š®_ ýµæ°q¯º…Š®

š®ºy®äu¯‡®± -38, vS®º…Š® B¯Ý‡®±u®ªå S®o„µ°u® -40, y®½î®Á î®±q®±Ù Eq®ÙŠ® „Â¯Š®q®u®ªå

u¯ï±ÁN® y®äš¯Š®u® Croe¯š® -40, u®¤o „Â¯Š®q® î®±q®±Ù ©ºNµS®¡®ªå bµ¶w®u®9 oe¯S®±

Нcý®S®¡® š®º…ºu® -45, N®u®º… Нcý® -46, S®ºS® Нcý® -47, Š¯Ç®óN®²h

Нcý® -48, X¯©±N®ã î®±q®±Ù oeµ²°‡®±š®¡® Нcý® -49, E¢u® Нcý® -51,

S®±cНq®_N¯jµ°î¯l®S®¡®ªå bµ¶w®u®9 -52, bµ¶w® š®ºU®u® Eq®ÙŠ® N¯ª°w® y®ºs® „µ°u® -56.

 

2. bµ¶w®š¯Ÿq®ã ..... 59-262  

 š¯Ÿq¯ã u®äî¯ãq®âN® š®æŠ®²y® - 59, î®±oe¯ï°Š®w® y®½î®9u® š¯Ÿq®ã - 21, AºS®y®äïÇ®Ô

î®±q®±Ù AºS®ïÇ®Ô î®±q®±Ù AºS®„¯oe®ã š¯Ÿq®ã - 64, Au®9 ¯S®vð bµ¶w¯S®î®± .. 66, ý®±äq¯ºS®  

.. 11:1. BX¯Š¯ºS® -66,2. š®²q®äN®³q¯ºS® -67, 3 . š¯Úw¯ºS® .. 67,4. š®î®±î¯‡®¾¯ºS®

..69,5. „®S®î®r°î¯ãP¯ãy®äcÓzÙ.. 71, 6. b¯Óq®³u®9 N®s¯.. 73,7. Ey¯š®N¯u®㇮±w® -

74,8. Aºq®N®³u®Ûý¯.. 75,9. Aw®±q®Ùе²°y®y¯rN®u®ý¯.. 76,10. y®äý®Ýî¯ãN®Š®o.. 77,11.

ïy¯N®š®²q®ä.. 77,12.u®™Ôî¯u®- 78, Ey¯ºS®.. 12-78, Zµ°u®š®²q®ä..6-81, î®±²©š®²q®ä

-4-82,y®äO°o9N® 10-83, X®²ªN¯š®²q®ä - 2-85, Au®9î®ì¥Á ºš®Êȳr-206, w¯hN®-

224, š¯Ÿq®ã_ý¯š®ô 226, î¯ãN®Š®o š®ºš®Êȳq®-231, Z®ºu® : ý¯š®ô y¯äN®³q®-238, Z®ºu® :

ý¯š®ô_š®ºš®Êȳq®-245, Nµ²°ý®y¯äN®³q®-246, Nµ²°ý®-š®ºš®Êȳq®-250, Au®9¯S®vð-y¯äN®³q®-

Aî®q®Š®o-252, ý¹Š®šµ°x° y¯äN®³q® Aî®q®Š®o-254, î®±oe¯Š¯™ó° y¯äN®³q® Aî®q®Š®o-257,

Ay®„®äºý® Aî®q®Š®o-261.  

3.bµ¶w®u®ý®9w® .... .... 263-344  

 q®q®ð_b¯Ów®-263, d°î®_q®q®ð-263, bµ¶w®u®ý®9w®u®ªå d°î®q®q®ð 265, Ad°î®q®q®ð-

269, u®Á_u®äî®ã-270, Au®9_u®äî®ã-270, BN¯ý®_u®äî®ã-270 N¯©_u®äî®ã-271,

u®äî®ãî® š¯î®¾¯w®ã ©£®o-272, Aš®äî® q®q®ð-273, …ºu®q®q®ð-275, N®î®±Á y®äN®³rS®¡®±

(b¯Ów¯î®Š®o N®î®±Á)-277, u®ý®9w®î®Š®o N®î®±9-277, îµ²°Ÿx°‡®± N®î®±9-278,

Aºw®q®Š¯‡®± N®î®±Á-280, w¯î®±N®î®±Á y®äN®³r …ºu®w®u® N¯Š®o -285, ›Úr…ºu®-288,

Aw®±„¯S® …ºu®-289, y®äuµ°ý® …ºu®-290, N®î®±Á›u¯Üºq®u® ïýµ°Ç®qµ-291, d°î® î®±q®±Ù

N®î®±Á …ºu® š¯v‡µ²°Aw¯vîµ²°-293, w¯©±Ê y®¼Š®±Ç¯s®9S®¡®±-294, îµ²°£® xcî¯u®

š®±P¬-295, š®î®±ãS®u®³™Ô ï±s¯ãu®³™Ô y®¼Š®±Ç®-298, îµ²°£®î®¾¯S®Á-296, š®î®±ãS¬ b¯Ów®-

299, î®±rb¯Ów®-300, ý®±äq®b¯Ów®-301, Aî®và b¯Ów®-302, î®±w®»y®‡®±9‡®± b¯Ów®-303,

Nµ°î®© b¯Ów®-303, b¯Ów®u® š¯u®w®-304, y®ä‡®¾¯o î®±q®±Ù w®‡®±, w®‡®±-307, u®äî¯ãtÁN®-

y®‡®¾¯Á‡®¾¯tÁN®w®‡®±-309, w¯©±Ê x£µ°y®S®¡®-311, š®î®±ãN®X¯‹q®ä-312, AŸºš¯-313,

ý¯äî®N®_u®Á-315, AŸºš¯o±î®äq®-316, AŸºš¯o±î®äq®u® ArX¯Š®S®¡®-318,

š®q¯ão±î®äq® î®±q®±Ù Au®Š® ArX¯Š®S®¡¬-319, AšµÙ°‡®¾¯o±î®äq® î®±q®±Ù Au®Š® ArX¯Š®S®¡®± - 

320, Ay®‹S®äoe¯o±î®äq® î®±q®±Ù Au®Š® ArX¯Š®S®¡®± 321, îµ±¶rä° îµ²u®OE¯u® w¯©±Ê

„¯î®S®¡®±-322, î®±²Š®± S®±oî®äq®S®¡®±-323, w¯©±Ê þ£¯î®äq®S®¡®±-323, š®OEµå°Qw¯-324,

ý¯äî®N® oe®wµ²Ý°ºu®± y®ärîµ±S®¡®±-325, î®±±xu®Á-328, Cy®ÞqµÙŠ®l®± y®‹Ç®oe®S®¡®±-329,

u®ý®u®9-331, oe®wµÝŠ®l®± Aw®±yµä°£µS®¡®±-333, î®±²Š®± S®±zÙS®¡®±-334, BŠ®± y®äN¯Š®u®

„¯oe®ãq®y®S®¡®±-335, BŠ®± y®äN¯Š®u® B„®ãºq®Š® q®y®S®¡®± 336, u¯ãw®-(Bq®Á î®±q®±Ù йu®ä)-

336, u®9 u¯ãw®-337, ý®±N®åu¯ãw®-337, oe®vw¯©±Ê S®±oš¯Úw®S®¡®± oe¯S®² îµ²°£®-338,

Ey®ý®î®± î®±q®±Ù £®y®N® ýµä°pS®¡®±-342.  

4. bµ¶w®N®OEµ .... .... 345-470

 

 d°î®w® î®±q®±Ù N®OEµ-345, bµ¶w®u®9 î®±q®±Ù N®OEµ-348, N®OEµ‡®± „µ°u®_y®ä„µ°u®S®¡®±-

349, y®äs®î®±š®²Y°-355, ®±Ù N®OEµ‡®±ªå bµ¶w® N®hÔl®S®¡® Bu®ý®9-359, îµ±°Š®±ïw® Š®X®wµ-

361, w®ºv°ý®æŠ® væ°y®u® Š®X®wµ-362, š®î®±î®Š®o Š®X®wµ-364, ¯w®š®Ùº„®-365, Xµ¶q®ã£®

î®±q®±Ù š®²Ùy®-366, §°î®±ºhy®-366, S®ºu®N®±i°-367, w®S®Š® ïw¯ãš®-367, Xµ¶q®ãŠ®X®wµ-

370, bµ¶w® Xµ¶q®ã î®±q®±Ù š®²Ùy®S®¡®±-370, î®±s®±Šµ‡®± š®²Ùy®S®¡®±-374

 

bµ¶w®S®±oeµS®¡®±-…Н…Š® S®±l®Öu®ªå-378, w¯S¯c±Áx° S®±l®Öu®ªå-379, Eu®‡®±T‹ Qºl®T‹-

380, НcT‹‡®± S®±l®Öu®ªå-381, y®„µ²°š¯-382, c²w¯S®l®u®ªå-382, ïvý¯-384,

ý®äî®o„µ¡µ²Ì¡®-384, Eš¯âw¯„¯u®_qµ°Š¯y®¼Š®-385, ›q®Ùw®Ý®©-387, „¯u¯ï±-388,

Joeµ²¡µ-389, HOEµ²å°Š¯-389, u®¤o q¯äî®oNµ²°Š®-391, Aºq¯D-q®ºN¯D-391,

S¯æOEµê°Š®-392.

 

bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ®-x¯Áou® ýµ¶ªS®¡®±-394, ›u®×£µ°q®äS®¡®±-395, Joeµ²¡µ‡®± îµ±°U®±i° î®±ºvŠ®-

397, w¯S®Š®, u¯äïl® î®±q®±Ù îµ°š®w® ýµ¶ªS®¡®±-399, y®hÔu®N®©±å oe¯S®² oeµ²º…±cu®

î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®±-399, r°s®Áoe®¢ë î®±q®±Ù ©N®±Êºm‡®± î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®±-401, dw®w¯s®y®¼Š® oe¯S®²

oe®¡µ°†°mw® î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®±-402, u®¤ouµ²¡®Tw® u¯äïl® ýµ¶ª‡®± E¢u® bµ¶w® î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®±- 

403, S¯ãŠ®š®y®¼Š®u® bµ¶w®î®±ºhy®-409,šµ²°w¯T‹ î®±q®±Ù î®±±N¯ÙT‹-410, N®±ºl®©y®¼Š® oe¯S®±

Fw®-411, …l®ª‡®± N®º„®u® q®±ºl®±-412, î®u®Á¯w®y®¼Š® …u®w¯î®Š®S®¡®ªå ý¯ºrw¯s®

î®±ºvŠ®-413, L›‡®¾¯-414, š¯î®m‡®± w¹©P¯-414, A…² uµ°©î¯l¯ 414,

НoN®y®¼Š®u® X®q®±î®±±9Q î®±ºvŠ®-419, Yqµ²Ù°mw® O°r9š®Ùº„®-420, ý®q®±äºc‡®±-421,

TŠ®w¯Š®-421, bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ®S®¡® „®S¯Ýî®ýµ°Ç®S®¡®±-423, ©ºNµ‡®±ªå xS®ä9ºs®Š® uµ°î®N®±©-424,

b¯î¯u® …亅w®î®¾¬ î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®± š®î®±²oe®-424.  

bµ¶w®î®±²r9 N®OEµ-Ar y¯äY°w® bµ¶w® î®±²r9S®¡®±-425, N®±Ç¯o N¯©u® bµ¶w® î®±²r9S®¡®±-

427, Nµ©îµ½ºu®± î®±²r9S®¡® y®‹X®‡®±-429, S®±y®ÙN¯©u® bµ¶w®î®±²rÁS®¡®±-431, r°s®9ºN®Š®

î®±²r9S®¡® Yw®êS®¡®±-434, u¯q®±ïw® î®±²r9S®¡®±-438, „¯oe®±…ª‡®± î®±²r9S®¡®±-

440,X®Nµä°ý®æ‹° y®u¯âî®r° îµ²u®OE¯u® ‡®±¤‡®±Š® î®±²r9S®¡®±-442, Aº†N¯uµ°ï‡®±

î®±²r9S®¡®±-444, š®Š®š®ær‡®± î®±²r9-446, wµ¶S®îµ±°ý®w® î®±²r9-449.  

bµ¶w® Yq®ä N®OEµ-Yq®äN®OEµ‡®± y¯äY°w® EOEµå°Q-452, †ÃrÙ_Yq®ä-454, q¯l® y®rä°‡®± Yq®ä-

456, N¯S®u®u® îµ±°OEµ …еu® Yq®ä-462, N¯Ç®ÕYq®ä 465, ®ôu® îµ±°ªw® Yq®äN®OEµ-466.  

Ey®š®ºoe¯Š® .... .... 468-470  

Yq®ä_š®²Y .... .... 473-494  

 þ®±ýµ‡®± š®²Ùy®î®¼¡®ë B‡®¾¯S®y®h, î®±s®±Šµ-473, dw®î®±²r9‡®±±N®Ù B‡®¾¯S®y®h-

î®±j®±êе-474, HŠ®l®± Aºq®›Ùw® Нp°S®±oeµ-475, Eu®‡®±T‹ Нp°S®±oeµ‡®± qµ²°Š®o u¯æŠ®u®

r䊮q®Ý Yoe®Ý î®±q®±Ù Aýµ²°N®î®³£®-475, Нp°S®±oeµ‡µ²¢Ìw® †ÃrÙ Yq®ä-476, qµ°Š¯y®¼Š® î®±±Qã

S®±oeµ‡®± š®Ùº„®Yq®ä-477, qµ°Š¯y®¼Š® î®±±Qã š®Ùº„®-477, HOEµ²å°Š¯ Cºu®ä𮄵‡®± îµ±°ªw®

Aºq®š®±Ù-478, îµ±°U®±h bµ¶w®î®±ºu®Š®, Joeµ²¡µ-479, bµ¶w®î®±vŠ® ©N®±Êºm-479,

bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ® š®îµ²oe® Qc±Š¯oeµ²°-479, Qc±Š¯oeµ²° y¯ý®æ9w¯s® î®±ºvŠ®u® †rÙþ©æ-480,

bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ®u® š®î®±²oe®, šµ²°w¯T‹-481, A…² î®±ºvŠ®u® Z®q®äþ©Þ-481,bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ®,  

НoN®y®¼Š®-482, bµ¶w®O°r9 š®Ùº„®, Yqµ²Ù°l®-483, bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ® š®î®±²oe® ý®q®±äºc‡®±-483,

î®±š®ÙN®Š®Ÿq® dw®y®ärîµ±, OEµ²°oe¯x°y®¼Š®-484, î®±š®ÙN®Š®Ÿq® w®S®Ýî®±²r9, ›ºu®² š®ºš®Êȳr-

oe®Š®y¯Þ-484, räý®³ºS®‡®±±N®Ù u¯ãw®š®Ú î®±²r9, ›ºu®² š®ºš®Êȳr -485, G±Ç®„® Ql¯Ìš®w®

u¯q®±y®ärîµ± X¹š¯, †oe¯Š®-485, y®u¯âš®w® y¯ý®æ9w¯s®, Eu®‡®±T‹ ïvý¯-487, y®u¯âš®w®

y¯ý®æ9w¯s®, qµ°Š¯y®¼Š®S®±oeµ-484,räý®³ºS®‡®±±N®Ù u¯ãw®š®Ú î®±²rÁ, ›ºu®² š®ºš®Êȳr-485,

G±Ç®„® Ql¯Ìš®w® u¯ry®ärîµ± X¹š¯, †oe¯Š®-485, y®l¯âš®w® y¯ý®æÁw¯u®, qµ°Š¯y®¼Š®S®±oeµ-

486, Ql¯Ìš®w® y¯ý®æÁw¯s®, qµ°Š®y®¼Š®S®±oeµ-486, y®u¯âš®w® y¯ý®æÁw¯s®, Eu®‡®±T‹ ïvý¯-

487, y®u¯âš®w® dw®y®ärîµ±, lµ°î®S®l®-487, y®u¯âš®w® dw®y®ärîµ±, uµ°î®S®l®-488, Ql¯Ìš®w®

dw®y®ärîµ±, uµ°î®S®l®-489, d°î®ºq® š¯æï±‡®± u¯q®± y®ärîµ±, ANµ²°g¯-489, Sµ²î®±âgµý®æŠ®

„¯oe®±…ª, ý®äî®o „µ¡µ²Ì¡®-490, „¯oe®±…ª‡®± u¯q®± y®ärîµ±....491, ‡®±±S®© y®ärîµ±,

bµ¶w®î®±ºvŠ® lµ°î®S®l®...492, ‡®±±S®© y®ärîµ±, X®ºu®äy®¼Š®, Юľ¯º›, 492, î®±²l®†mä

›u¯Üºq®S®äºs® q¯l®y®hä Yq®ä-493, š®±y¯š®n¯oe® X®‹‡®±N¯S®u® Yq®ä y¯ho-494.  

S®äºs®-š®²Y .... .... 495-526  

ý®…Û-š®²Y .... .... 592-572  

„Â¯Š®r‡®± š®ºš®ÊȳrSµ bµ¶w®u®Áu® Nµ²l®±Sµ  

î¯ãP¯ãw® - 1  

bµ¶w® u®Áu® Eu®‡®± î®±q®±Ù ïN¯š®  

bµ¶w® u®Áu® Н™ó°‡®± „®²ï±Nµ :-

 

 î®±u®ãy®äuµ°ý® ý¯š®w® š¯Ÿq®ã y®‹Ç®rÙxºu® w®w®Sµ î¯ãP¯ãw®NµÊ Bî®±ºq®äo …ºq®±. B

š®ºu®„®Áu®ªå ïÇ®‡®±î®w®±Ý B‡®±±ÛNµ²¡®±ëî® oeµ²nµ‡®±w®²Ý N®²l® w®w®Ý îµ±°OEµ‡µ±° oeµ²‹š®OE¯‰±q®±.

BS® w¯w®± š®æ©Þ ïX¯Š®NµÊ K¡®S¯uµ. DS® Nµ©î®¼ î®Ç®ÁS®¡® Ÿºuµ †oe¯Š® Нcã ý¯š®w®î®¼ Kºu®±  

ïu¯ã z°j®î®w®±Ý š¯Úz›uµ. Au®Š® EuµÛ°ý®î®¼ y¯äN®³q®, bµ¶w® q®q®æb¯Ów® oe¯S®² AŸºš¯

ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå š¯Ýq®Nµ²Ê°q®ÙŠ® Au®㇮±w® î®w®²Ý Aw®±š®ºu¯w®î®w®²Ý ¯l®±î®¼uµºu®± Cuµ. Cu®±

q®î®±Sµ©å Sµ²rÙu®Û ïÇ®‡®± B ïu¯ãz°j®u® š®ºX¯©N® y®u®î®w®±Ý w®w®Sµ x°l®OE¯Tuµ. D ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå

w®w®Sµ oe®©î®Š®± oe®©î®¼ N®lµS®¢ºu® y®äýµÝ°S®¡®w®±Ý Nµ°¡®±q¯Ùе : †oe¯Š® š®Š®N¯Š®î®¼ D N¯‡®±Áî®w®±Ý

INµ ¯mq®± ? oeµ°Sµ ¯mq®± ? D y®äýµÝ° Nµ°¡®±î®î®Š® î®±wµ²°„®²ï±Nµ‡®±± Ÿ°Tuµ : š®æq®ºq®ä

„Â¯Š®q®u® Н™ó°‡®± x°r‡®±± š®ºy®½oÁ u®Á xŠ®yµ°£®îµºu®± xþÏq®î¯T oeµ²°Tuµ. Au®N®Êw®±š®‹›

š®ºïu¯w®u®ªå š®î®Á y®äN¯Š®u® u¯ï±ÁN®, š¯ºy®äu¯‰±N®, b¯r°‡®± îµ²u®OE¯u® y®£®y¯q®S®¡®w®±Ý

µ°vÚ®OE¯Tuµ. Aºu® îµ±°OEµ D î®±wµ²°„®²ï±Nµ‰±ºuµ Cºs® y®äýµÝ°S®¡®² I¡®±î®¼u®² š¯æ„Â¯ïN®

ïuµ. D y®äýµÝ°S®¢Sµ w®w®Ý š®Š®¡®î¯u® Eq®ÙŠ®î®¼ Ÿ°TŠ®±q®Ùuµ : †oe¯Š® š®Š®N¯Š®î®¼ Nµ°î®© D bµ¶w®

ïu¯ãz°j® Kºu®wµÝ° š¯Úzš®ª©å. Bu®Šµ Au®± š®ºš®öq® î®±q®±Ù îµ¶vN® š®ºš®ör‡®± Au®㇮±w®NµÊºu®²

Aw®±š®ºu¯w®Nµºu®² ï±tOE¯ ïu¯ãz°j®î®w®±Ý š¯Úz›uµ. A©åuµ y¯ª î®±q®±Ù „¹u娆 q®q®æb¯Ów®S®¡®

A„¯㚮NµÊ°ºu®± w®î® w¯©ºu¯ î®±oe¯ïoe¯Š®î®w®²Ý š¯Úz›uµ. Cuµ° y®äN¯Š® y¯hn¯u®ªå AŠ®†° -

yÂ¯Š®›° „¯ǵ, š¯Ÿq®ã î®±rÙ š®ºš®örS®¡® EX®Ï Au®㇮±w®, Au¯ãy®w® î®±q®±Ù š®ºýµ²°u®wµS®¢S¯T D

î®±²Š®± w¯©±Ê ïu¯ãz°j®S®¡®w®±Ý š¯Úz›î®¼u®‹ºu® Bl®¢qµ‡®±± q®w®Ý u®Á - xŠ®yµ°£® u®³™Ô

Nµ²°oî®w®±Ý š®ÞÇ®ÔSµ²¢›uµ. u®Á xŠ®yµ°£®qµ Hºu®Šµ š®Š®N¯Š®î®¼ ‡®¾¯î®¼uµ° u®Á, q®q®æb¯Ów®

î®±q®±Ù Au®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® š¯Ÿq®ãu® Au®㇮±w® îµ²u®OE¯u®î®¼S®¡®w®±Ý xǵ°vÚ®„µ°N®± Hºu®©å. Bu®Šµ

‡®¾¯î®¼uµ° Kºu®± u®ÁNµÊ H©å Aw®±N®²©qµS®¡®w®±Ý Ku®Tš®±î®¼u®±.Cwµ²Ý°ºu®± u®Áî®w®±Ý

Eyµ°¤š®±î®¼u®± - Cºs® Š¯Ç®ó x°r‡®±± Hºu®² BS®N®²l®u®±. Cuµ° u®Á xŠ®yµ°£® ý¯š®w®u®

EuµÛ°ý®î¯Tuµ. Нcãu® Bl®¢qµ‡®±± uµ°ý®u® y®äY°w® Croe¯š®, š¯Ÿq®ã, ›u¯ܺq® î®±q®±Ù u®ý®Áw®

îµ²u®OE¯u®î®¼S®¢Sµ š®º…ºvÛu® š®î®Á ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå‡®±² A„¯㚮 î®±q®±Ù š®ºýµ²°u®wµS®¢S¯T, HÇ®±Ô

š¯u®ãîµ½° AÇ®±Ô Aw®±N®²©qµS®¡®w®±Ý š®î®¾¯w® u®³™Ô‰±ºu®, xǮޣ®y¯q® „¯î®wµ‰±ºu® ,

Ku®Tš®±î®¼u®± N®q®Áî®ãî¯Tuµ. D Eu¯q®Ù oe¯S®² ýµä°‡®±š®ÊŠ® u®³™ÔNµ²°ovºu® ‡®¾¯î¯S®©²

‡®¾¯‹S®² ‡®¾¯î® Bq®ºN®î®½ Ku®S®±î®¼v©å. Cºs® u®Á - xŠ®yµ°£® u®³™ÔNµ²°ovºu®

yµä°‹q®î¯T. D ý¯š®w® y®‹Ç®q®±Ù w®w®Ýw®±Ý î¯ãP¯ãw®NµÊ Bî®±ºrä›uµ ‡µ±ºu®± w¯w®± r¢‡®±±qµÙ°wµ.  

Bu®Û‹ºu® w¯w®± „Â¯Š®r‡®± š®ºš®örSµ bµ¶w® u®Áu® Nµ²l®±Sµ Hº… ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå Cªå

îµîµ°X®wµ‡®±w®±Ý ¯l®ªNµÊ ‡®¾¯î® š®ºNµ²°X®î®w®±Ý y®l®±î®¼v©å.  

 D ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå w¯w®± Cªå ¯l®±î® š®ï±°£µ‡®±ªå Bq®â y®äý®ºšµ oe¯S®² y®Š®xºuµ‡®±

„¯î®wµS®¡®± Eºg¯S®u®ºqµ u¯ãw®ï°‡®±±qµÙ°wµ. A©åuµ y®äš®±Ùq® š®ºš®ör‡®± y®äî¯oe®î®¼ „Â¯Š®r‡®±

d°î®w® ïX¯Š® î®±q®±Ù î®ãµÚS®¡®w®±Ý ‡®¾¯î¯S® oeµ°Sµ y®¼Ç®ÔSµ²¢›q®± oe¯S®² y®‹Ç®öq®Sµ²¢›q®±

Hº…±u®Š® ‡®±s¯s®Á ¹©ã¯y®w®î¯T, Au®Š® ®ÙïN® Š®² - е°Pµ‡®±± y®äN®hSµ²¡®±ëqµ

wµ²°mNµ²¡®±ëqµÙ°wµ. Cå ïÇ®‡®±S®¡®ªå w¯w®± ïýµ°Ç® b¯S®²äq®w¯TŠ®±î® Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±± Cuµ.

‡®¾¯Nµºu®Šµ w¯w®± š®æq®» cw®â oe¯S®² š®ºš¯ÊŠ®S®¢ºu® bµ¶w®w¯TuµÛ°wµ. Au®‹ºu® 𮱩„®î¯T D

uµ²°Ç®S®¢Sµ K¡®S¯S®±î®¼u®± š¯æ„Â¯ïN®î¯Tuµ. D N¯Š®ovºu® D ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå w®w®Ý ýµä°‡®±š®²é

N®²l® ïýµ°Ç® Š®²y®vºu® Nµ²Š®qµ‡®±w®±Ý oeµ²ºu®…©åu®±. ‡®¾¯Nµºu®Šµ bµ¶w® u®Á q®w®Ý ïX¯Š®

î®±q®±Ù d°î®w®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® î®ãµÚS®¡® ïN¯š®u®ªå Hºu®² ‡®¾¯î® y®äN¯Š®u® š®ºN®±Yq® u®±ä™ÔSµ

…ª‡®¾¯T©å. Au®Š® …²ï±Nµ‡®±± Н™ó°‡®± u®³™Ô‰±ºu® ‡®¾¯î¯S®©² Eu¯Š® î®±q®±Ù

Eu¯q®Ùî¯T‡µ±° Cuµ° Au®± Kîµ²âîµ±â Aw®ã u®ÁS®¡µ²l®wµ ²°u®î®w®²Ý oeµ²°Š¯hî®w®²Ý

oe®²mu®±u®² N®²l® q®w®Ý x°r‡®±w®±Ý Š®¤›Nµ²¡®±ëu®N¯ÊT‡µ±° bµ¶w®Š®± „Â¯Š®q® uµ°ý®u® ‡®¾¯î®

Kºu®± „¯S®î®w®±Ý ¯q®ä q®î®±â ïýµ°Ç® „®OÙ‡®± š¯Úw®îµºu®± Hºu®² „¯ª©å. A® Aºrî®±

r°s®ÁºN®Š® „®S®î¯w¬ î®±oe¯ ï°Š®w®± ïuµ°oe®u®ªå [ Eq®ÙŠ® †oe¯Š®] cx›u®Ûw®± ; Bu®Šµ Aî®w®

Ey®uµ°ý® î®±q®±Ù xî¯ÁoS®¡®± î®±S®u®u®ªå [u®¤o †oe¯Š®] š®º„Â®ï›u®±î®¼. Aî®xTºq® îµ²u®ªw®

r°s®ÁºN®Š®w¯u® y¯ý®æÁw¯s®w® cw®â Eq®ÙŠ® y®äuµ°ý®u® …w¯Š®š® w®S®u®ªå B‰±q®±. Bu®Šµ Aî®w®±

q®y®š®±é ¯l®ªNµÊ qµŠ®¢u®±u®±, î®±S®u® uµ°ý®u® š®îµ±â°u® þQŠ® y®î®Áq®u®ªå. Cî®xTºq®©² î®±±ºXµ

BT oeµ²°u® r°s®ÁºN®Š® wµ°ï±w¯s®w®± q®w®Ý q®y®š®±é, Ey®uµ°ý® î®±q®±Ù xî¯Áo £µ°q®äS®¡®w®±Ý

„Â¯Š®q®u® y®þÏî®± „¯S®u®ªåŠ®±î® N¯jµî¯l®u®ªå Š®²z›Nµ²ºl®w®±. H©åN®²Ê îµ²u®ªw® y®äs®î®±

r°s®ÁºN®Š® Bvw¯s®w®± cw®âîµrÙu®±u®± A‡µ²°uµ㇮±ªå Bu®Šµ q®y®š®±é ¯l®ªNµÊ qµŠ®¢u®±u®±

Nµ¶OE¯š® y®î®Áq®u®ªå. D y®äN¯Š® bµ¶w®Š® y®ïq®ä „®²ï±‡®± ي®î®¼ Eq®ÙŠ®u®ªå Ÿî®¾¯©‡®±,

y®½î®Áu®ªå î®±S®u®, y®þÏî®±u®ªå N¯jµ°î¯l®u® µSµ š¯Úz›uµ. D ›°îµ±S®¡® î®±u®ãu®ªå, Awµ°N®  

î®±±xS®¡®² BX¯‡®±ÁŠ®² îµ²u®OE¯u® î®±oe¯y®¼Š®±Ç®Š®² oeµbµÑ oeµbµÑS®² cw®âîµrÙu¯Ûе. q®y®š®éw®±Ý

¯mu¯Ûе. xî¯Áoî®w®²Ý oeµ²ºvu¯Ûе. Au®‹ºu® D „®²ï±‡®±± bµ¶w®Š® ý®äu嵆 oe¯S®²C

„®OÙS®¡® š¯Úw®î¯Tuµ. u®Áy®äX¯Š®N¯ÊT‡®¾¯S®ª, Bq®â Š®£®nµSµºu¯S®ª bµ¶w®Š®± uµ°ý®u® oeµ²°Š®Sµ

oeµ²°T©å. u®±†ÃÁ°£® îµ²u®OE¯u® ïy®q®±ÙS®¡® š®î®±‡®±î®¼ …ºu¯S® A®± „Â¯Š®q® uµ°ý®u®ªå‡µ±°

y®½î®Ávºu® y®þÏî®± „¯S®NµÊ As®î¯ Eq®ÙŠ®vºu® u®¤o uµ°ý®NµÊ qµ°Š®¢u®±u®±ºh±. D y®äN¯Š®

A®± u®¤o „Â¯Š®q®î®½ N®²l® q®î®±â ý®äu¯ܺcª‡®±w®²Ý x°l®uµ C©å. Aªå q®ï±¡® w¯mw®ºs®

u®²Š®u® y®äuµ°ý®u®ªå‡®±² š®oe® A® uµ²l®Ö uµ²l®Ö BX¯‡®±ÁŠ®² S®äºs®N®q®ÁŠ®² BT

oeµ²°Tu¯Ûе. Aªå AwµN® š®Ú¡®S®¡®± bµ¶w®Š® y¯äY°w® î®±ºvŠ®S®¡® Aî®ýµ°Ç®S®¢ºu® A©ºN®³q®Sµ²ºmîµ.

N®w¯ÁhN® y¯äºs®u®ªå ý®äî®o„µ¡µ²Ì¡® î®±q®±Ù N¯N®Á¡® îµ²u®OE¯u® š¯Úw®S®¡®ªå C®±

„¯oe®±…ª‡®± ïý¯©î®½ N®OE¯y®¼oÁ Bu® ïS®äoe®S®¡®² DS®©² N®²l® y¯äY°w® þ©ÞNµOEµSµ

S¹Š®î®î®î®±±â Eºh±î®¾¯l®±î®ºqµ Cîµ. KiÔw®ªå D š®î®±S®ä „Â¯Š®q® uµ°ý®î®¼ Cºvw® Нcwµ¶rN®

u®³™Ô ¯q®ävºu®ÇµÔ° A©å ; Bu®Šµ q®î®±â y¯äY°w®q®î®± u¯ï±ÁN® y®Š®ºy®Š¯w®±š¯Š®î¯T‡®±²

bµ¶w®‹S¯T Kºu®± AQºl® ý®äu¯Ü „®OÙ‡®± š¯Úw®î¯Tuµ. Jroe¯›N® N¯©u®ªå bµ¶w®Š® ‡®¾¯î®

š¯u®±S®¡¯S®ª, S®³oe®š®ÚŠ® š®î®±²oe®î¯S®ª, uµ²l®Ö y®ä¯ou®ªå Hªå ‡®¾¯u®Š®² „Â¯Š®q® uµ°ý®u®

oeµ²Š®Sµ oeµ²°u®Š®±, Aªå oeµ²°T î®±ºvŠ® îµ²u®OE¯u® u¯ï±ÁN® š®ºšµÚS®¡®w®±Ý š¯Úz›u®Š®±. Au®‹ºu®

A® uµ°ý® - yµä°î®±u®ªå r©î®¾¯q®ä þt©qµ C©åîµ ï„¯S® Eq®Þw®Ý±q®± - Hºu®± bµ¶w®Š®±

‡®¾¯Š®² š¯vÛªNµÊ oeµ²°S®±î®¼v©å. D y®äN¯Š® y¯äºr‡®±qµ° š®ºN®±Yq® „¯î®wµ C©åî¬ uµ°ý®

„¯oe®ãu® Aw®±Yq® Aw®±Š¯S®S®¡®ºs® uµ²°Ç®S®¢ºu® xǮʩºN®î¯Tu®Û bµ¶w®Š® uµ°ý®„®OÙ‡®±±

‡®¾¯î¯S®©² ïý®±u®Ü AX®©î®½ ›ÚŠ®î®½ Hºu®± oeµ°¡®OE¯S®±rÙuµ.

 uµ°ý®„®OÙ‡®±± Nµ°î®© „®²ï±S®q®î¯TŠ®±î® š®S®r‡®±©å. bµ¶w®Š® OEµ²°N® …î¯nµ°‡®¾¯

š®º…ºu®u®ªå‡®±² š®oe® q®î®±â Auµ° Eu¯Š® x°r‡®±w®±Ý Aw®±š®‹›u¯Ûе. „¯ǵ‡®± y®äýµÝ°‡®±w®±Ý

Aî®OEµ²°Ošµ²°o. îµ¶vN® y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±ªå š®ºš®öq® „¯ǵSµ …oe®± S¹Š®î®ïuµ. Au®NµÊ°wµ° A®± '

uµ°î® - „¯ǵ ' Hºu®± î®±xÝš®±q¯Ùе. A©åuµ Auµ° „¯ǵ‡®±ªå ‡®¾¯î¯S®©² š¯Ÿq®ã

xï±Ár‡®±w®±Ý ¯l®±q®Ù …ºvu¯Ûе. D „¯î®wµ‡®± y®‹n¯î®±î®½ K¡µë‡®±uµ° BTuµ. Aºu®  

y®äY°w®q®î®± š¯Ÿq®ãîµxš®±î® îµ°u¯vS®¡® ïïu® y®äN¯Š® S®¡® Š®£®nµ‡®¾¯‰±q®±. š®ºš®öq® „¯ǵ‡®±²

N®²l® Eq®Ùе²°q®Ùе A†Ãv܇®±w®±Ý oeµ²ºvq®±. Bu®Šµ Cu®‹ºu® Kºu®± uµ²l®Ö oe¯x‡®±²

š®º„Â®ïš®vŠ®ª©å. D y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±î®‹ºu® HŠ®l®± î®±²Š®± š¯ïŠ® î®Ç®ÁS®¡® N¯OE¯î®vÇ®±ªå

x¯Áoî¯u® ïý¯© š¯Ÿq®ã y®äy®ºX®u®ªå B‡®¾¯ †Ãw®Ý †Ãw®Ý y¯äuµ°þN® OEµ²°N® „¯ǵS®¡® ‡®¾¯î®

y®ärxvÃq®æî®½ E¢‡®±ª©å.  

 „®S®î¯w¬ …±u®Üw®± q®w®Ý Ey®uµ°ý®u® ¯u®ãu®± B N¯©u® Kºu®± OEµ²°N®„¯ǵ‡®¾¯u®

¯S®vÇ®±w®±Ý ›æ°N®‹›u®w®±. A©åuµ u®Áy®uµý®NµÊºu®± OEµ²°N®„¯ǵ‡®±wµÝ° Ey®‡µ²°Tš®±î®¼uµºu®±

q®w®Ý þý®ã‹Sµ Buµ°ý®î®w®²Ý x°mu®w®±. Bu®Šµ „¹u®Ü y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®± š¯ŸrãN®Š®± D Buµ°ý®î®w®±Ý

š®ºy®¼oÁî¯T y¯ªš®©± š¯u®ãî¯S®ª©å. A®± y¯ª „¯ǵ‡µ²ºu®Š®ªå‡µ±° îµ²°Ÿq®Š¯u®Š®±.

Cǵ԰ A©å A®± ›ºoe®©, …äoe®âuµ°ý® îµ²u®OE¯u® u®²Š® uµ°ý®S®¡®ªå oeµ²°T‡®±² N®²l® Aªå

q®î®±â š¯Ÿq®ãu® ¯u®ãî®±î®w®²Ý y¯ª „¯ǵ‡®±wµÝ° Ch±ÔNµ²ºl®Š®±. A©åuµ uµ°ý® „¯ǵS®¢Sµ -

…u®±O „¯¡®±rÙŠ®±î® cw®y®u® „¯ǵS®¢Sµ - q®î®±â š¯Ÿq®ãu®ªå ‡®¾¯î® š¯Úw®î®w®²Ý N®ªÞ›Nµ²l®ª©å.  

 bµ¶w® rs®ÁºN®Š® „®S®î¯w¬ î®±oe¯ï°Š®w®± OEµ²°Nµ²°y®N¯Š®u® „¯î®wµ‰±ºu® B š®î®±‡®±u®

𮱄µ²u® î¯p‰±ºu® Au®Á¯S®và „¯ǵ‡®±w®±Ý Ey®‡µ²°T›u®w®±. oe¯Sµ°‡µ±° Aî®w® S®ouÂ®Š®Š®²

N®²l® Auµ° „¯ǵ‡®±ªå Aî®w® Ey®uµ°ý®u® š®ºN®©w® ¯mu®Š®±. Bu®‹ºu® B „¯ǵ , B š¯Ÿq®ã

u® ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå bµ¶w®Š®ªå ‡®¾¯î¯S®©² Bu®Š® „¯î®wµ‡®±± ›ÚŠ®î¯T wµOEµ›q®±. Bu®Šµ A® D

„¯î®wµ‡®±± ïïu® OEµ²°N® „¯ǵS®¢Sµ ‡µ²°S®ã š¯Úw®î®¾¯w®î®w®²Ý x°l®ªNµÊ Hºu®²

„¯u®N®î¯S®ª©å. bµ¶w¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®± u®Á y®äX¯Š®NµÊ°ºu®± ‡®¾¯î® ‡®¾¯î® N¯©NµÊ Hªå Hªå

oeµ²°u®Šµ²° AOEµå©å A®± Aªå‡®± OEµ²°N®„¯ǵ‡®±wµÝ° q®î®±â š¯Ÿq®ã Š®X®wµ‡®± ¯u®ãu®±

›æ°N®‹›u®Š®±. Cuµ° N¯Š®ovºu® bµ¶w® š¯Ÿq®ãu®ªå‡®±² N®²l® †Ãw®Ý †Ãw®Ý y®äuµ°ý®S®¡® †Ãw®Ý †Ãw®Ý

N¯©u®ªåŠ®±î® ý®²Š®šµ°x, î®±oe¯Š¯™ó°, Ay®„®äºý® Bv y¯äN®³q® „¯ǵS®¡® y®ärxvÃq®æî®¼ wµ²°l®ªNµÊ

uµ²Šµ‡®±±q®Ùuµ. Ÿºv, S®±cНr°, îµ²u®OE¯u® Bu®±xN® „¯ǵS®¡® y¯äY°w®q®î®± š¯Ÿq®ã bµ¶w®Š®

š¯Ÿq®ãî¯T‡µ±° ©†Ãš®±q®Ùuµ. Cǵ԰ A©å, u®¤o „Â¯Š®q®u® u®²Š®u® y®äuµ°ý®S®¡¯u® q®ï±¡®± î®±q®±Ù  

N®w®Ýl® „¯ǵS®¡®ªå BŠ®º„® N¯©u® y¯äY°w® š¯Ÿq®ãî®w®±Ý Š®Y›u® ýµä°‡®±š®±é bµ¶w®‹Sµ°wµI

𮩱åq®Ùuµ. D y®äN¯Š® bµ¶w®Š®± Hºu®² N®²l® ‡®¾¯î® Kºu®± y¯äºr‡®± „¯ǵ‡®± y®£®î®w®±Ý

›©å. Bu®Šµ ‡®¾¯î¯S®©² uµ°ý®u®OEµå©å y®äX®ªq®ïŠ®±î® ïïu® „¯ǵS®¡®wµÝ©å š®î®¾¯w® Bu®Š®

„¯î®vºu® ›æN®‹›u¯Ûе ; q®î®±âu®w¯ÝT ¯mNµ²ºmu¯Ûе. D ¯rSµ bµ¶w®Š®± ïïu®

„¯ǵS®¡®ªå‡®± ïý¯© š¯Ÿq®ã 𝤇®¾¯Tuµ.  

 cw®qµ‡®± u¯ï±ÁN® w®º…±SµS®¡®w®±Ý N®²l® bµ¶w® u®Á Eyµ°¤›©å. AS®¡®w®±Ý

›æ°N®‹š®±î¯S® ïvÃS®w®±š®‹› q®î®±â y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±ªå ‡®±s¯š¯Úw®u®ªå šµ°‹Nµ²ºmu¯Ûе. Š¯î®± -

©£®Èâo oe¯S®² N®³Ç®Ø - …©uµ°î®Š®± cw¯ºS®u® Bu®Š®p°‡®± î®ãOÙS®¡µx›u¯Ûе. A©åuµ A®w®±Ý

cw®Š®± Aî®q¯Š® y®¼Š®±Ç®Šµºu®± S¹Š®ïš®±q¯Ùе. bµ¶w®Š®² š®oe® r°s®ÁºN®Šµ²l®wµ‡µ±° C®w®±Ý

räý®™Ô°ý®OE¯N¯ y®¼Š®±Ç®Š®ªå š®î®¾¯îµ°Ç®Sµ²¢›u¯Ûе ; Bu®Š®p°‡®± š¯Úw®î®xÝq®±Ù q®î®±â y®¼Š¯oS®¡®ªå

A® X®‹qµäS®¡®w®±Ý ي®î¯T î®pÁ›u¯Ûе. bµ¶w® y®¼Š¯oS®¡®w®±Ý B¡®î¯T A„¯㚮 ¯l®uµ

Cu®Û®² S¹Š®î®„®î®ï©åu®î®Š®² bµ¶w®Š®± D N®äî®± î®w®±Ý N®ºl®± w®S®±q¯Ùе. D „Â¯Š®r‡®±

î®±oe¯y®¼Š®±Ç®Š®w®±Ý bµ¶w®î®±q¯î®©º†S®¡®w¯ÝT ¯y®Ám›u¯Ûеw®±Ý®± ; î®ãs®Áî¯T N®sµS®¡®ªå

oeµX®±Ï N®mîµ± ¯mu¯Ûеºu®± r¢‡®±±î®Š®± ; Bu®Šµ Hǵ²Ôºu®± Br⇮±qµ‰±ºu® bµ¶w®Š®± A®w®±Ý

q®î®±S®² y®½c㊮w¯ÝT ¯mNµ²ºmu¯Ûе ; î®±q®±Ù D ‹°r‰±ºu® q®î®±â oe¯S®² Aw®ã

u¯ï±Á°‡®±Š¯u® uµ°ý®„¯ºu®® „¯î®wµS®¡®w®±Ý Š®¤›u¯Ûе. Hº…±u®Š® N®lµSµ Nµ©î®Š® u®³™Ô‡®±±

oe®‹‡®±±î®¼v©å. Cǵ԰ A©å, Нî®o î®±q®±Ù cНš®ºuÂ®Š®ºs® Aw¯‡®±Á Нc㊮w®±Ý îµ¶vN®

y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®± y®¼Š¯oS®¡®± Nµ©îµ½ºu®± q®±X®Ð „¯î®wµ‰±ºu® Yrä›îµ. Cºs®î®Š®w®±Ý N®²l®

bµ¶w®y®¼Š¯oS®¡®± EX®Ï oe¯S®² S¹Š®î¯xæ°q® Š®²y®S®¡®ªå Yrä›, Aw¯‡®±Á b¯r‡®± cw®Š®

„¯î®wµS®¡®² N®²l® wµ²°‡®±u®ºqµ wµ²°mNµ²ºmu¯Ûе. D w¯Š¯‡®±ow® ý®q®±äïS®² N®²l® A®±

y®är w¯Š¯‡®±owµº… EX®Ï y®u®î®w®±Ý Cq®±Ù, îµ±°OEµrÙu¯Ûе. Нî®ow®w®±Ý oe®q®±Ù î®±±QS®¡®±¡®ë

Н£®š®wµºu®± oeµ°¡®uµ, ïu¯ãuÂ®Š® þ°‡®± ýµä°Ç®Õw¯u® Нcwµºu®± î®±xÝ›u¯Ûе. Aî®w®

š¯æ„Â¯ïN®î¯u® bµ²Ñºu®± î®±±Q Nµ²Š®¡®ªåŠ®±î® oe¯Š®u® w®î®Š®q®ÝS®¡®ªå y®är†º†›u®±u®‹ºu®

cw®Š®± Aî®xSµ u®ý¯š®w®wµºu®² N®Šµu®Š®±. ATÝ y®‹£µ‡®¾¯u® îµ±°OEµ‡®±± N®²l® ›°qµ‡®± š®rq®æu®  

ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå cw®‹ x»ý®ºN®Š¯S®ª©å. Cºs® y®äš®ºS®î®w®±Ý bµ¶w® Š¯î®¾¯‡®±o …oe®± X®q®±Š®qµ‰±ºu®

Yrä›uµ. ›°qµ‡®±± ‡®¾¯î® y®äN¯Š®vºu®©² Нî®ow®w®±Ý zä°rš®ªNµÊ š®î®±ârš®ª©å. Au®‹ºu®

Нî®ow® u®±»Q u®²Š®Sµ²¡®ë„µ°N¯u®Šµ Aî®w®± ›°qµ‡®±w®±Ý …OE¯q®Ê‹š®„µ°Nµ°ºu®± š®©oeµ‡®±w®±Ý

x°l®OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Bu®Šµ Нî®ow®± Au®NµÊ Hºu®² ›u®Ûw¯TŠ®ª©å. Aî®w®± Kºuµ° ¯q®w®±Ý

oeµ°¡®±q¯Ùwµ. w¯w®± î®äq®î®w®±Ý ›æ°N®‹›uµÛ°wµ. KzÞSµ C©åu® ‡®¾¯î® ›ô°‡®±w®²Ý w¯w®± „µ²S®u®

š¯u®wµ‡®±w¯ÝT Hºu®² ¯mNµ²¡®ëOE¯Šµ. D y®äN¯Š® bµ¶w® y®¼Š¯oS®¡®± Нî®ow® Н£®›°

rÙ‡®±w®±Ý Ew®Ýq®Sµ²¢›, îµ±°OEµrÙîµ ; bµ²qµ‡®±ªå‡µ±° ›°qµ‡®± A„¯vÃq® š®rq®æu® ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå

š®ºÇ®‡®± Š®Ÿq®î¯u® š®±„Â®u®ä y®ä¯oî®w®±Ý Š®²z›îµ. D y®¼Š¯oS®¡®ªå oe®w®±î®¾¯w®, š®±Tä°î®

îµ²u®OE¯u®î®Š®± î®±ºS®S®¡®©å ; A®± ïu¯ãuÂ®Š® þ°‡®± НcНTu¯Ûе ; A® u®æc Yoe®Ý

¯q®ä î¯w®Š®î¯Tq®±Ù. D y®äN¯Š® bµ¶w® y®¼Š¯oS®¡®ªå N®ºl®±…Š®±î® N®sµS®¡® îµ¶þÇ®ÔÉã

xŠ®s®ÁN®î¯T©å ; u¯ï±ÁN® y®£®y¯q®u® š®ºN®±Yq® „¯î®wµ‰±ºu® yµä°‹q®î®½ BT©å. Cu®‹ºu®

î®±oe®q®æy®½oÁî¯u® y®ä‡µ²°cw®ïuµ ; CS®¢ºu® OEµ²°N®u®ªå MYq®ãNµÊ oe¯x‡®±± Eºg¯S®ª©å ;

bµ²°qµ‡®±ªå‡µ±° B‡®±Á, Aw¯‡®±Á cw¯ºS®S®¡® î®±wµ²°„¯î®wµSµ yµh±Ôq®S®ª, wµ²°î®¼ q®S®©u®ºqµ

K¡µë‡®± Š®£®nµ‡®±± Ku®Tuµ.  

 uµ°ý®u®ªå K⠇®±£® oe¯S®² w¯S®y®½bµ‡®±± w®lµ‡®±±rÙq®±Ù. Au®N¯ÊT A® î®±²rÁS®¡®w®±Ý

î®±ºvŠ®S®¡®w®²Ý xï±Áš®±rÙu®ÛŠ®±. y¯äY°w® S®äºs®S®¡®ªå D š®ºS®rS®¢Sµ y®ä¯oS®¢îµ. CS®¡®

Ey¯š®N®Š®w®±Ý Croe¯š® îµ°q®ÙŠ®± î®±²©q®» Aw¯‡®±Áu®± r¢‡®±±q¯Ùе. bµ¶w®Š®± A®

Ÿºš¯q®âN® y®½b¯ - ïu¯w®S®¡®w®Ýºq®² xǵ°vÛu®Š®±. Bu®Šµ y®äî®±±Q ‡®±£® w¯S¯v uµ°î®

uµ°î®qµS®¡®w®±Ý q®î®±â r°s®ÁºN®Š®Š® Š®£®N® Š®²y®u®ªå ›æ°N¯Š® ¯m, q®î®±â uµ°î¯©‡®±S®¡®ªå‡®±²

ASµ š¯Úw®î®w®±Ý N®ªÞ›Nµ²iÔu¯Ûе. Н£®š®, „®²q®, zý¯X® îµ²u®OE¯u®î®Š®± „µ°N¯u®Šµ

î®±w®±Ç®ãНS®ª. C©åîµ ‡®¾¯î®¼uµ° y®äN¯Š®u® y¯äpS®¡¯TŠ®ª Ixu®ÛŠ®² uµ°ý®u® Nµ©îµ½ºu®±

cw®Š®ªå A® ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå Iwµ²° Kºu®± w®º…±Sµ‰±q®±Ù ; Cu®w®±Ý S¹Š®ïš®±q®Ù bµ¶w®Š®± A®w®±Ý

Kºu®± b¯r‡®± uµ°î®Šµºu®± ›æ°N®‹›u¯Ûе.  

Eu¯Š® x°r‡®± šµ¶u¯ÜºrN® BuÂ¯Š® :-  

 bµ¶w®Š®± Ÿ°Sµ š®ºS¯äoe®N® y®ärÙ‡®±±¡®ë®±. Au®‹ºu® bµ¶w®u®Á N¯©NµÊ q®N®Êºqµ

Š®²y®¼Sµ²ºmuµ. Ÿ°S¯T Au®Š®ªå Awµ°N® y®Š®š®ÞŠ® ²°u® š®ºS®rS®¡®² N®²l®

š®î®¾¯îµ°ý®Sµ²ºmîµ. Ÿ°Sµ Nµ©î®¼ cw®Š®± oeµ°¡®±q¯Ùе. Bu®Šµ S®º†Ã°Š®î¯T ïX¯Š® ¯l®±î®¼u®‹ºu®

D Aw®±î®¾¯w®î®¼ BuÂ¯Š® Š®Ÿq® îµ±u®± ›u®Ûî¯S®±q®Ùuµ. ‡®¾¯Nµºu®Šµ ‡®¾¯î® oeµ²š® ïX¯Š®S®¡®w®±Ý š®oe®

bµ¶w®Š®± î¯ãî¯oe¯‹N® Aw®±N®²©qµS¯T š®î®¾¯îµ°ý®Sµ²¢›Nµ²ºm©å. Aå bµ¶w® u®ÁNµÊ

BuÂ¯Š®„®²q®îµxš®±î® u¯ý®ÁxN® oe¯S®² šµ¶u¯ÛºrN® q®¡®oe®v‰±ºu®OEµ° Eq®Þw®Ýî¯u®u®±Ûºh±. D

š®ºS®r‡®±w®±Ý š®ÞÇ®Ôî¯T r¢u®±Nµ²¡®±ëu®N¯ÊT bµ¶w®u®ý®Áw®u® îµ±°OEµ Cªå Kºu®± ïoe®ºS®î®±

u®³™Ô‡®±w®±Ý †°Š®±î®¼u®± Aw®±Yq®î¯S®ªOÊ©å  

 îµ°u¯ºq® u®ý®Áw®u®ªå Nµ°î®© Yu¯q®âN® q®q®æ Kºu®wµÝ° ›æ°N®‹š®OE¯Tuµ. Au®NµÊ

…äoe®âu®± oeµ°¡®OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Cw®±Ý¢u® u®³ý®ã cS®rÙw® y®u¯s®ÁS®¢Sµ©å Aš®q¬ As®î¯

¯‡®¾¯b¯©îµºu®± š¯‹uµ. Cwµ²Ýºu®± u®ý®Áw®u®ªå Nµ°î®© „¹rN® q®q®æS®¡µwµ° š®q¬ Hºu®±

›æ°N®‹š®OE¯Tuµ. A©åuµ AS®¡® š®ï±âý®äovºu® Xµ¶q®w®ã S®±ou® Eq®ÞrÙ‡µ±ºu®± î®±xÝš®OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ.

D î®±q®NµÊ X¯î¯ÁN® u®ý®Áw®îµºu®± oeµ°¡®±î®Š®±. bµ¶w® u®ý®Áw®î®¼ d°î® î®±q®±Ù Ad°î® Š®²y®vºu®

HŠ®l®² q®q®æS®¡®w®²Ý ›æ°N®‹›uµ. Cu®Š®ªå ¹ªN® q®q®æî®¼ Kºuµ° A©å ; BŠ®± u®äî®ãS®¡µºu®±

›æ°N®‹š®OE¯Tuµ. š®q¯Ù S®±oïu®±ÛuµÛ©å u®äî®ãîµx›uµ ; š®qµÙ‡®±± š®æq®» räS®±w¯q®âN®î¯Tuµ. Eq¯Þu®,

î®ã‡®± î®±q®±Ù u®äî®ã…±î®¼uµ° B î®±²Š®± S®±oS®¡¯Tîµ. îµ°u¯ºq®u®ý®Áw®u®OE¯åS®ª, X¯î¯ÁN®

u®ý®Áw®u®OE¯åS®ª u®äî®ãS®¡® y®¼oÁ š®qµÙ‡®±± xŠ®²y®nµ‡®±± N®ºl®±…Š®±î®¼v©å. u®äî®ãS®¡®ªå îµ°u¯ºq®

š®î®±âq® N®²hš®Ú ›u®Ûî¯S®±î®¼v©å ; Au®Š®ºqµ ›u¯Ûºq®u® £®pN® Š®²y®î®½ N®ºl®±…Š®±î®¼v©å.

š®Þ™Ô‡®±ªå Xµ¶q®w®ã S®±o‡®±±N®Ù Bq®â q®q®æî®½ Cuµ, Xµ¶q®w®ãï©åu® î®±²rÁ¯w¬ „¹rN®

y®u¯s®Á Cuµ, A©åuµ Aî®±²rÁN® N¯©, BN¯ý® Bv q®q®æS®¡®² Cîµ. Cå u®äî®ã S®±o -

y®‡®¾¯Á‡®¾¯q®âN®î¯Tîµ. AS®¡® S®±n¯q®âN® AµÚ‰±ºu¯T AS®¡®ªå u®±äî®q®æïuµ ;

y®‡®¾¯Á‡®¾¯q®âN®qµ‰±ºu® AS®¡®ªå Eq®ÞrÙ oe¯S®² ïw¯ý® Š®²y® AµÚS®¡®² N®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùîµ.
 

bµ¶w®u®Áu® D u¯ý®ÁxN® q®q®æb¯Ów®u®ªå‡µ±° Au®Š® î¯ãy®N® u®³™Ô‡®±± N®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. A©åuµ°

Cuµ° î¯ãy®N® u®³™Ô‰±ºu® ®±ÙïX¯Š®N¯ÊT Au®± q®w®Ý š¯ãu¯æu® î®±q®±Ù î®±q®±Ù Awµ°N¯ºq®Š®²y®

w¯ã‡®±î®w®±Ý š¯Úz›uµ. D w¯ã‡®±î®w®±Ý r¢›Nµ²l®±î®¼u®N¯ÊT q®î®±â î®±±ºuµ CŠ®±î® D ' gµ°…OE¬ '

î®wµÝ° S®î®±xšµ²°o. Cu®w®±Ý w¯î®¼ Xµ¶q®w®ã Ÿ°w®î®w¯ÝT N¯o±qµÙ°îµ. Au®‹ºu® Cu®NµÊ cl®

q®q®æîµºu®± r¢‡®±±qµÙ°wµ. Bu®Šµ cl® q®q®æS®¡®ªå Cu®± Aî®±²q®Áå, î®±²rÁ¯w¬ î¯Tuµ.

Au®N®ÊT Cu®NµÊ y®¼u®Û©îµºu®± w¯î®¼ oeµ°¡®…OEµå°î®¼. y®¼u®Û©u® Awµ°N® y®äN¯Š®S®¡®ªå‡µ±° Kºu¯u®

N®iÔSµ‰±ºu® ¯q®ä Cu®w®±Ý ¯l®OE¯Tuµ. Au®‹ºu® Cu®NµÊ N®iÔSµ‡µ±ºu®± oeµ°¡®OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Bu®Šµ

N®iÔSµ‰±ºu® ¯mu® N®y¯h±, N®±YÁ, „¯N®±, „¯T©± îµ²u®OE¯u® ïïu® Š®²y®S®¡®ªå Cu®Nµ²Êºu®±

ïþÇ®Ô BN¯Š®ïŠ®±î®¼u®‹ºu® Cu®NµÊ ' gµ°…OE¬ ' Hºu®± oeµ°¢uµ°î®¼. D gµ…OE¬ S®¡®ªå‡®±² Hq®ÙŠ®

AS®© BN¯Š® …oØS®¢ºu® Awµ°N® y®äN¯Š®S®¢ÇµÔ° A©å, Aw®ºq® ïu®S®¡®² BS®±q®Ùîµ. Ayµ°¤q®

u®³™Ô‰±ºu® wµ²°mu¯S® Cuµ° ' gµ°…OE¬ ' w®î®±Sµ²îµ±â° š®oØu¯T N¯o±q®Ùuµ ; î®±qµ²Ùîµ±â

uµ²l®Öu¯T N¯o±q®Ùuµ; Cwµ²Ý°ºu®± u®³™Ô‰±ºu® Hq®ÙŠ®î¯T N®ºl®Šµ î®±qµ²Ùºu®± u®³™Ô‰±ºu®

N®±¡®ëîµxš®±q®Ùuµ. D y®äN¯Š® w¯î®¼ ‡®¾¯î¯S® Cu®w®±Ý îµ±°OEµ oeµ°¢u® u®äî¯ãq®âN®, S®±n¯q®âN®,

y®‡®¾¯Á‡®¾¯q®âN® w¯î®±S®¢ºu® oeµ°¡®±îµîµ½° BS® Au®Š®ªå ®ÙïN®qµ‡®± u®³™Ô‰±ºu® š®q®ãu®

IN¯ºý®u® OŠ®o ¯q®ä N®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. Au®‹ºu® q®q¬N¯©u® w®î®±â N¯‡®±Á w®lµu®±

oeµ²°S®±q®Ùuµ. Bu®Šµ w¯î®¼ Cuµ° BºþN® q®s®ãî®w®±Ý š®ºy®½oÁ š®q®ãu®± r¢u®±Nµ²ºl®ªå ¯q®ä

Au®± w®î®±â „®äîµ±‡µ±x›î®¼u®±. w¯w¯ N¯©S®¡®ªå w®w¯ uµ°ý®S®¡®ªå, w¯w¯ î®±w®±Ç®ãŠ®ªå ®±ÙS®¡®w®±Ý

w¯w¯ y®äN¯Š®S®¢ºu® N¯oOE¯S®±q®Ùuµ, r¢‡®±OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ, î®pÁš®OE¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Au®‹ºu® w¯î®¼ B H©å N®s®w®S®¡®w®²Ý î®oÁwµS®¡®w®²Ý š®î®±y®ÁN®î¯T r¢u®±Nµ²ºl®± , Aî®î®¼S®¡® u®³™ÔNµ²°oS®¡®w®±Ý

As®Á¯mNµ²ºl®±, AS®¡®w®±Ý w®î®±â b¯Ów®u®ªå ‡®±s¯š¯Úw® š®î®¾¯îµ°ý® î®±mNµ²¡®±ëî®

Aî®ý®ãN®qµ‡®±± Cuµ°. w¯î®¼ Ÿ°Sµ ¯l®uµ Cu®Ûе oeµbµÑ oeµbµÑS®² w®î®±Sµ ²°u®

N®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. w¯î®¼ B †Ãw®Ý †Ãw®Ý u®³™Ô Nµ²oS®¡®w®±Ý r¢u®±Nµ²ºl®±, AS®¡®ªå š¯î®±ºcš®ã

Š®²y®î®w®±Ý š¯Úz›u®ªå w®î®±Sµ ïý¯© š®q®ãu® u®ý®Áw®î¯S®±î®¼u®±. Au®± D cS®rÙSµ ®ÙïN®

š®q®ãî¯Tuµ. Cuµ° EuµÛ°ý®vºu® bµ¶w¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®± uµ°ý® î®±q®±Ù N¯©, u®äî®ã oe¯S®² „¯î®wµS®¢Sµ  

Aw®±š®‹› ®±Ùïw® ïX¯Š® ¯l®±î®¼u®w®±Ý KrÙ oeµ°¡®±q¯Ùе. Au®‹ºu® K…à bµ¶w¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®±

š®î®±š®Ù IN¯ºq®Š®²y® ï±s¯ãu®³™ÔS®¡® š®î®±w®æ‡®±vºu® š®î®±ãS®Ûȳ™Ô‡®± Eq®ÞrÙ‡µ±ºu®± ›æ°N®‹š®±q¯Ùе.  

 bµ¶w® u®Áu®ªå AŸºšµSµ w®oe®± y¯äu¯w®ãqµ‡®±w®±Ý Nµ²l®OE¯Tuµ. Au®² N®²l® îµ±°OEµ

oeµ°¢u® q®q®æYºq®wµ‡®± y®‹n¯î®±îµ° BTuµ. š®ºš¯Š®u®ªå Kºu®©å, Awµ°N®, Aw®ºq® y¯äpS®¢îµ ;

î®±q®±Ù AS®¡®ªå y®är‡µ²ºu®Š®ªå‡®±² d°î¯q®âxu¯Ûwµ. D Bq®âS®¡®± q®î®±â q®î®±â N®î®±Á…ºu®u®

…©vºu® d°î®w®u® w¯w¯ ›ÚrS®¡®ªå, w¯w¯ ‡µ²°xS®¡®ªå, ïïu® y®äN¯Š®u® ý®‹°Š®S®¡®ªå oe¯S®²

Awµ°N® y®äN¯Š®u® b¯Ów¯q®âN® AµÚS®¡®ªå Cu®±Ûu®±Û N®ºl®±…Š®±q®Ùuµ. Bu®Šµ D H©å Bq®âS®¡®ªå‡®±²

b¯Ów¯q®âN® ïN¯š®u® î®±±N¯ºq®Š® y®Š®î®¾¯q®â y®u®î®w®±Ý y®lµ‡®±±î® ‡µ²°S®ãqµ‡®±² Cuµ. D y®äN¯Š®

ý®OÙ Š®²y®vºu® H©å Bq®âS®¡®² š®î®¾¯w®î¯Tîµ Aºu®îµ±°OEµ AS®¡®ªå y®Š®š®ÞŠ® š®w¯âw® š®u¯áî®

oe¯S®² š®oe® ‡µ²°S®u® î®ãî®oe¯Š®ïŠ®ªNµÊ°„µ°N®±. Cuµ° bµ¶w®u®Áu® cw®q®ºq¯äq®âN®qµ‡®¾¯Tuµ.

Cu®w®±Ý Cºvw® cw®q®ºq®äq®âN®vºu® „µ°Šµ‡®¾¯Th±Ô xvÃÁÇ®ÔSµ²¢› oeµ°¡®±î®u¯u®ªå

y¯äpq®ºq¯äq®âN®îµºu®± oeµ°¡®±î®¼u®± oeµX®±Ï EYq®îµxš®±q®Ùuµ. ‡®¾¯Nµºu®Šµ cw® q®ºq¯äq®âN®î®¼ Nµ°î®©

î®±w®±Ç®ãHCSµ ¯q®ä ›°ï±q®î¯Tuµ. Au®w®±Ý Cw®²Ý oeµX¯ÏT ً› ïý¯©Sµ²¢›, bµ¶w®u®Á

y¯äp¯q®äåN®²Ê Au®Š® š®u®š®ãq®æî®w®²Ý x°l®±q®Ùuµ. D ®±Ù ïX¯Š®vºu® š¯æ„Â¯ïN®î¯T‡µ±°

š®î®±š®Ù y¯äpS®¡®ªå y®Š®š®ÞŠ® q®w®Ý oe¯S®² Aw®ãŠ® Ÿ°Sµ C…àŠ®u®² Š®£®nµ‡®± „¯î®wµ‡®±±

Eq®Þw®Ýî¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Hªå H©åŠ®² Kºuµ° EvÛǮԚ¯Úw®î®w®±Ý î®±±h±Ôî® vuµ‡µ²° î®±q®±Ù Aµ©åŠ®²

Kºuµ° ¯S®Áuµ²¡®Sµ w®lµ‡®±±î® y®tN®Š¯Tu¯Û凵²° BS® A®ªå y®Š®š®ÞŠ® š®oe¯‡®±N®

„¯î®wµ‡®±± CŠ®±î®¼u®± š¯æ„Â¯ïN®ïuµ. C ïîµ°N®u® oeµ²Šµ‡®±± î®±w®±Ç®ãw® îµ±°OEµ H©å

y¯äpS®¢Tºq® oeµX¯ÏTuµ. ‡®¾¯Nµºu®Šµ î®±w®±Ç®ãw®ªå Aw®ã H©å y¯äpS®¢Tºq®©² oeµX®±Ï …±vÛ

oe¯S®² b¯Ów®u® ïN¯š®ïuµ. K…àw® oe®rÙŠ® îµ²°g¯Š®S¯m‡®±± Cuµ, î®±q®±Ù Cwµ²Ý…àw®±

N¯©±w®mSµ‰±ºu® w®lµ‡®±±rÙu¯Ûwµ. Aºu®îµ±°OEµ îµ²°g¯Š® S¯m‡®±î®w®± w®lµ‡®±±î®î®w®w®±Ý

îµ²°g¯‹w®ªå N®²m›Nµ²¡®ë„µ°N¯S®±q®Ùuµ. Kºu®± îµ°¡µ Cu®± BS®uµ° oeµ²°u®Šµ oeµ²°S®ª, Au®NµÊ

‡®¾¯î®¼u¯u®Š®² Kºu®± N¯Š®oî¯TvÛ°q®±. Bu®Šµ îµ²°g¯‹w®î®w®± Ew¯âu®vºu®  

N¯©±w®mSµ‡®±î®w®w®±Ý q®w®Ý îµ²g¯‹w® Nµ°¡®Sµ oe¯O î®±±ºu®±î®‹‡®±±î® N¯‡®±Á ¯q®ä

BS®N®²l®u®±. AŸºš¯ ›u¯Üºq®u® q®q®æî®¼ î®±q®±Ù Á Cuµ° BTuµ.  

 Bu®Šµ d°î®w®u®ªå …oe®¡®Ç®±Ô ïǮ y®‹›Úr‰±uµ. Au®N®²Ê oeµX¯ÏT y¯äpS®¡®ªå

²°u¯q®âN® ý®OÙS®¡®² Cîµ. CS®¡® î®±u®ãu®ªå AŸºš¯ ›u¯Ûºq®î®w®²Ý y®½oÁ Š®²y®vºu®

y¯©w® ¯l®±î®¼u®± …oe®± N®Ç®ÔN®Š®î¯Tuµ. bµ¶w®u®Á î®±w®±Ç®ãw® D ïǮ y®‹›Úr‡®±wµÝ°©å

›æ°N®‹› î®±±ºu®‹‡®±±q®Ùuµ. Au®‹ºu® Au®± AŸºš¯ y¯©wµ‡®± ‹°r, x°rS®¡®ªå q®Š®q®î®±

y®än¯¢‡®±w®±Ý š¯Úz›uµ. S®³oe®š®Úw®± Kºu®± ›°îµ±‡®±î®ŠµSµ ¯q®ä AŸºšµ‡®±w®±Ý y¯ªš®©±

š®î®±s®Áw¯S®±q¯Ùwµ. Au®N¯ÊT Aî®xS¯T Ao±î®äq®u® ïu¯w®î®w®±Ý Š®²zš®OE¯Tuµ. Au®Oʺq®

î®±±ºvw®u¯u® î®±oe¯î®äq®u® y®‹y¯©wµ‡®±± î®±±xS®¢S¯T ïŸq®Sµ²¢š®OE¯Tuµ. S®³oe®š®Ú ¯S®Á

…oe®± ïý¯©î¯Tuµ. Aî®xS®² q®w®Ý y®‹›ÚrS®îµ. Au®‹ºu® A®ªå‡®±² N®²l® S®³oe®š®ÚŠ®

oe®wµ²Ý°ºu®± î®S®ÁS®¡®w®±Ý š¯Úzš®OE¯Tuµ. AŸºšµ‡®±² N®²l® q®w®Ý Š®²y®vºu® Kºuµ° Š®²y®u®ªå

C©å. „¯î¯w¯ oe¯S®² O䇮¾¯Š®²y®vºu® Au®² š®oe® HŠ®l®± y®äN¯Š®î¯Tuµ.

O䇮¾¯Š®²y®u®ªå‡®±² N®²l® y®ä‡µ²°cw®N®Êw®±š®‹›, Awµ°N® y®äN¯Š®S®¡®± BS®±q®Ùîµ. î®±w®±Ç®ãw®±

w®lµu¯l®±î®¼u®Š®ªå‡®±² î®±wµ‡®± AºS®¡® N®š® S®±mš®±î®¼u®Š®ªå‡®±² Aî®xºu® Ÿºšµ‡®±± BS®±q®Ùuµ.

N®³™, î¯pcã, îµ²u®OE¯u® î®ã¯‡®±S®¡®ªå‡®±² d°î® Ÿºšµ‡®¾¯S®uµ x©±åv©å. š®æq®» q®w®Ý

oe¯S®² q®w®Ý …ºu®± „¯ºu®® î®±q®±Ù Aq®w®Ý B›Ùy¯›ÙS®¡® Š®£®nµS¯T‡®±², uµ°ý®u® Š®£®nµS¯T‡®±²

BN®äî®±oN¯‹S®¡® N®²l® oeµ²°Š¯l®±î® y®äš®ºS®î®¼ …Š®±q®Ùuµ. S®³oe®š®ÚxS¯T y®äš®ºS®î®ý¯q¬ D

y®äN¯Š®u® ŸºšµS®¡®w®±Ý ¯l®ªNµÊ bµ¶w®u®Á xýµ°vÛ©å. Bu®Šµ A­ºs® Ÿºšµ‡®±w®±Ý

y®ä‡µ²°cw®ï©åuµ, Nµ²ä°u®, îµ¶Š® îµ²u®OE¯u® u®±Ç®Ô „¯î®wµS®¢ºu® yµä°‹q®Š¯T, š®ºN®©Þ y®½î®ÁN®

¯l®N®²l®uµºu®± ïvÛuµ. „µ°gµ‡®±w®±Ý Bl®±î®¼u®±, u®w® oe®Š®oN¯ÊT Cwµ²Ý…àŠ® î®uµ‡®±w®±Ý

¯l®±î®¼u®± Cîµ° îµ²u®OE¯u®î®¼S®¡® xýµ°u®ïuµ. î®±±xS®¡®± D ïïu® y®äš®ºS®S®¢ºu®

î®±±N®ÙНTŠ®±î®¼u®‹ºu® A® îµ±°OEµ oeµX®±Ï 𮲣®Èâqµ‰±ºu® AŸºš¯ y®‹y¯©wµ „Â®Š®î®w®±Ý

oe¯N®OE¯Tuµ.  

           

   




    Philosophy
    Scriptures-Sacred Books
    JW in Indian Languages

    JW in World Languages




Home | Guest Book | Recommend Us | About US | Acknowledgement | Surveys | FAQ | Report Broken Link | Site Map