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1. y¯äN®³q® Au®«î®¾¯S®và ïÇ®‡®±u® y¯äu¯ãy®N®Š¯T :

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l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± y¯äN®³q® Au®«î®¾¯S®vð ïÇ®‡®±u® y¯äu¯ãy®N®Š¯T, (1930-1962) bµ¶w® BS®î®± î®±q®±Ù BS®îµ±°q®Š® S®äºs®S®¡® S¯l® î¯ãš®ºS® ¯mu®Š®±. CS®¡®ªå Ç®g¬Qºl¯S®î®± S®äºs®S®¡®±, N®±ºu®N®±ºu¯X¯‡®±«Š® y®äî®X®w®š¯Š¯v S®äºs®S®¡®±, î®hÔNµ°Š®Š® î®±²Œ¯X¯Š®, þî®Nµ²°g¯ãX¯‡®±«Š® î®±²Œ¯Š¯u®w¯ S®äºs®S®¡® î®±œ®q®æu® „¯S®S®¡®w®±Ý š¯Ýq®N® î®±hÔu® y®j®ã ïÇ®‡®±S®¡®ªå šµ°‹›, q®î®±â þÇ®ãS®oNµÊ AS®¡® y®‹X®‡®± ¯mNµ²hÔŠ®±. š¯Ýq®Nµ²°q®ÙŠ® î®±hÔu®ªå AS®¡®w®±Ý B¡®î¯T A„®㛚®©± yµä°Šµ°z›u®Š®±. š¯ïŠ¯Š®± ïu¯ãt«S®¢Sµ y¯j® œµ°¢Nµ²h±Ô, w®²Š¯Š®± ïu¯æºš®Š®w®²Ý, y¯äN®³q® Au®«î®¾¯S®và ïÇ®‡®±u® y¯äu¯ãy®N®Š®w®²Ý xﱫ›u®Š®±. Aµ©å œµX¯ÏT î®±œ¯Š¯Ç®ó, N®w¯«hN®, îµ±¶š®²Š®±, y¯äºq®S®¡® ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®± î®±q®±Ù N¯Œµ°c±S®¡®ªå y®š®‹› q®î®±â S®±Š®±S®¡® N¯‡®±«î®w®±Ý î®±±ºu®±î®‹›u®Š®±. l¯. H. H¬. U¯hSµ‡®±î®Š®± C®ªå AS®äS®o㊵ºu®± œµ°¡®…œ®±u®±. l¯. Hš¬. †. uµ°î® l¯. ïê. H¬. N®±©N®p« yµ½ä.BŠ¬. ïê. v°¤q®; l¯. †. Nµ. Ql®…m î®±±ºq¯u®î®Š®w®±Ý î®±Šµ‡®±±î®ºr©å.

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2. y¯äY°w® Aî®±²©ã S®äºs®S®¡® š®ºy¯u®N®Š¯T :

l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®‹ºu® bµ¶w®ïuµãSµ š®ºu® Nµ²l®±Sµ‡®± Cwµ²Ýºu®± î®±±Q A®± ¯mu® y¯äY°w® Aî®±²©ã bµ¶w® S®äºs®S®¡® š®ºy¯u®wµ î®±q®±Ù š®ºýµ²°u®w® y®½o« Œµ°Qw® N¯‡®±«u®ªå ý¯š®æq®î¯T y®är†º†q®î¯Tuµ. D N¯‡®±«u® EX®ÏS®±oî®±hÔ î®±q®±Ù Au®NµÊ „µ°N¯S®±î® q®N®Ê N¯‡®±«£®î®±qµS®¡® Ÿºuµ, A® v°U®« y®ä‡®±q®Ý-y®‹ý®äî®±S®¡®± Cu®±Ûåuµ y¯äŠ®º„®u®ªå A® ïu¯ã S®±Š®±S®¢ºu® uµ²Šµq® š®ºýµ²°u®w® š®ºš¯ÊŠ®, š®ºy¯u®w® N®Œµ‡®± « Cq¯ãvS®¡®² œ®±u®±TNµ²ºmîµ Hº…±u®w®±Ý w¯î®¼ î®±Šµ‡®±±î®ºr©å. D š®ºS®r‡®±w®±Ý l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Šµ° BS¯S® š®â‹›Nµ²ºmu¯ÛŠµ.

œµX¯ÏT bµ¶w¯X¯‡®±«‹ºu®Œµ° xﱫq®î¯u® î®±q®±Ù y®‹y®¼Ç®Ôî¯u® y¯äN®³q®-š¯Ÿq®ã-„¯ǵS®¡® î®±œ®q®æî®w®²Ý, Š®±Y‡®±w®²Ý l¯. z. HŒ¬. u®ã‹ºu® y®lµu®Š®±. y¯äY°w® bµ¶w® S®äºs®S®¡® y¯ºl®±ªzS®¡® y®j®ã®±Ù ïîµ°Yš®±î® ý®OÙ‡®±², w¯ã‡®±…u®Üî¯u® y¯j®xo«‡®± N®Œµ‡®±², š®q®æy®½o« š®ºýµ²°u®wµ‡®± q®¡®œ®v Hº… q®q®æî®w®±Ý l¯. ïê. Hš¬. š®±ºj®oN®Š®‹ºu® S®äŸ›u®Š®±. Kºu®± ïÇ®‡®±u® š®ºýµ²°u®wµ‡®±w¯ÝS®ª As®î¯ Kºu®± S®äºs®u® š®ºy¯u®wµ‡®±w¯ÝS®ª Nµ¶Sµ HrÙNµ²ºl¯S® “One thing at a time and that too to its completion” Kºu®± N¯©NµÊ Kºuµ° N¯‡®±«, Au®± y®‹y®½o«î¯S®±î®î®ŠµSµ Hº… š®²q®äî®w®±Ý l¯. „µ¡®î®©N®Š®‹ºu® r¢u®±Nµ²ºl®Š®±. y¯äY°w® y¯ºl®±ªzS®¡® ïïu® ïw¯ãš®S®¡® N®©Þwµ î®±q®±Ù bµ¶w® u®«u® y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®± y®½o« b¯Ów® C š®q®æy®½o« š®ºýµ²°u®wµ î®±q®±Ù š®ºy¯u®wµ‡®± î®±²©xvà Hº… Aw®±„®î®u® ¯q®w®±Ý î®±±x§° dw®ïc‡®±d Aºu® A‹q®±Nµ²ºl®Š®±. A©åuµ q®î®±â š®ºýµ²°u®wµ-š®ºy¯u®wµS®¡®ªå y¯þÏ¯q®ã š®ºýµ²°u®w¯ y®än¯ª‡®±w®±Ý, q®î®±â S®±Š®± š¯Úw®u®ªåu®Û yµ½ä . ý®±†äºS®Š®ºq®œ® U®w® ïu¯æºš®‹ºu® A‹q®±, Ÿq®ï±q®î¯T A¡®î®m›Nµ²ºl®Š®±. Aºu® š®ºýµ²°vÃq®, š®ºy¯vq® N®³rS®¡®ªå D H©å Aºý®S®¡®² î®±²m…ºvîµ Hºu®± „µ°Šµ œµ°¡®„µ°N¯T©å.

DS¯S®Œµ° w¯î®¼ l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®‹ºu® y®äN®hî¯u® y¯äY°w® î®±u®㇮±±S®u® S®äºs®S®¡® (œµX¯ÏT AS®¡®ªå bµ¶w® ïuµãSµ š®º…ºvÃq®) š®ºPµã î®±q®±Ù A® š®ºýµ²°u®w® Œµ°QS®¡® š®ºPµã‡®±w®±Ý î®±q®±Ù AS®¡® î¯ãzÙ‡®±w®±Ý š®²Ú©î¯T š®ï±°¤›u¯ÛTuµ .

DS® A® Cºs® S®äºs®S®¡®w®±Ý w¯©±Ê S®±ºy®¼S®¡¯T ïºS®mš®…œ®±u®±.

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CS®¡®ªå IV wµ‡®± S®±ºy®¼ Xµ²N®Êhî¯T u®« xŠ®yµ°£® (Secular) y¯äN®³q® š¯Ÿq®ãNµÊ š®º…ºvÛuµ. œµYÏw® š®ºPµã‡®±ªå îµ²u®© „¯‹ š®ºy¯vš®©ÞiÔuµ. 11 î®±œ®q®æu® S®äºs®S®¡®± y®äy®äs®î®±î¯T „µ¡®OSµ q®ºu® S®äºs®S®¡¯Tîµ. Aºu®Šµ ïïu® œ®š®ÙªRq®S®¡® „®ºl¯Š®S®¡® N®S®Ìq®ÙŒµ‰±ºu® œµ²Šµq®ºu®±, y®‹ý®äî®±y®½î®«N®î¯T š®ºy¯v›, ïu¯æºš®Š® î®±q®±Ù db¯Óš®±S®¡® cS®rÙw® î®±±ºuµ š®‹‡®¾¯u® u®²Š®u®ªå C‹›u®ÛS®¡®± l¯. ïê. Hš¬. AS®Š®î¯© A®± D …SµÌ œµ°¡®±î®uµ°wµºu®Šµ : “ Dr. upadhye rescued them from the long oblivion of ancient Manuscript Libraries”.

D š®î®±S®ä S®äºs®S®¡® ïÇ®‡®± î¯ãzÙ AS¯u®î¯Tuµ.

1. bµ¶w® q®q®æb¯Ów® î®±q®±Ù u®«.

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2. bµ¶w® x°rý¯š®ô

3. bµ¶w® š®³™Ô‡®± ï®n¯ ý¯š®ô

4. bµ¶w® Aw®±„Â¯î® (Mysticism)

5. bµ¶w® N¯î®ã

6. bµ¶w® N®s¯w®N® š¯Ÿq®ã

7. bµ¶w® y®äœ®š®w®

„¯ǵ î®±q®±Ù Ey®„¯ǵS®¡® u®³™Ô‰±ºu® wµ²°mu¯S®, D N®³rS®¡®± Nµ¡®Tw® „¯ǵ-Ey®„¯ǵS®¡®w®±Ý K¡®Sµ²ºmîµ :

1.y¯äN®³q®

i bµ¶w® ý¹Š®šµ°x

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2. š®ºš®Êȳq®

3. N®w®Ýl®.

S®äºs® š®ºy¯u®w® £µ°q®äu®ªå bµ¶w®ý¯š®ô As®î¯ bµ¶w® ïuµãSµ l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® ýµä°Ç®Õ Nµ²l®±Sµ Nµ¡®Sµ N¯p›u® S®äºs®S®¡® î®±±P¯ºq®Š® Hº…±u®± w®w®Ý š®ï±°£µ‡®± y®©ý®±är :

1. y®äî®X®w®š¯Š®

2. y®Š®î®¾¯q®â y®äN¯ý®

3. rŒµ²°‡®± y®oØrÙ

4. …³œ®q®Ês¯ Nµ²°ý®

5. ª°Œ¯î®D N®œ¯

6. N®±î®©‡®±î®¾¯Œ¯

7. u®²q¯«P¯ãw®

Cw®±Ý Kºuµ²ºu¯T D N®³rS®¡® î®±œ®q®æ î®±q®±Ù þÇ®ÔÉãS®¡®w®±Ý r¢u®±Nµ²¡®±ëî¯ :

1. y®äî®X®w®š¯Š® (Oä. ý®. y®½ : 100 ‹ºu® Oä. ý®. 200 ); Cu®± BX¯‡®±« N®±ºu®N®±ºu®‹ºu® Š®Yq®î¯u® vS®º…Š®Š® AvÃN®³q® BS®î®± S®äºs®. Cu®± bµ¶w® ý¹Š®šµ°x „¯ǵ‡®±ªåu®±Û, l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± Cu®Š® y¯j®ã®±Ùïw® w¯ã‡®±…u®Ü xo«o‡®±î®w®±Ý y¯ºmq®ãy®½o«î¯T ¯mu¯ÛŠµ. Cu®± î®±±Qãî¯T bµ¶w®u®«u® q®q®æb¯Ów®, î®±±x u®«u® Bu®ý®«S®¡®w®±Ý y®ärxvÚ®±q®Ùuµ. A®± AS®¡® î®±œ®q®æî®w®±Ý ïîµ°Y›u¯ÛŠµ. Cu®NµÊ …Šµu® š®±v°U®« î®±q®±Ù ïu®æq®²æo«î¯u® 125 y®¼hS®¡® y®äš¯Ùî®wµ‡®±ªå, S®äºs®N®q®«w® N¯© š¯Úw® (Cu®± DS® Bºu®ä y®äuµ°ý®u®ªåuµ; BS® N®w®Ýl® w¯mw® „¯S®î¯Tq®±Ù), bµ¶w® ý¹Š®šµ°x‡®± Jrœ¯›N® ŸwµÝŒµ î®±±ºq¯u®î®¼S®¡®w®±Ý N®²©ºN®Ç®î¯T X®Y«› AS®¡® îµ±°Œµ œµ²š® „µ¡®N®± Xµªåu¯ÛŠµ. H©åN®²Ê î®±œ®q®æuµÛºu®Šµ A®± Cªå xîµ°v›u® y¯äY°w® î®±S®u® u®«u® A›Ùq®æ î®±q®±Ù Au®Š® š®æŠ®²y®. D …SµÌ 1936 Š®ªå A›‡®¾¯iN¬ šµ²š¯‰±i‡®± š®ºýµ²°u®w® î®±±Q y®räNµ‡®±ªå y®äN®hî¯u® A†Ãy¯ä‡®±î®w®±Ý wµw®zSµ q®ºu®Šµ q®y¯ÞS®u®± :

Dr. Upadhye’s most interesting contribution here is perhaps his conclusion that the similarities of jainism, Buddhism and Sankhya Philolsophy point to the existance of great indigenous religion which flourished before the advnent of Aryans:to the mingling of thestrams of the Aryan and indigenous religion at the close of Brahmana period, we owe on one hand the Atmavidya of the Upanisads and the tenets of Jainism and Buddhism on the other.”

“Cªå N®ºl®±…Š®±î® l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® Aq®ãºq® N®±q®²œ®©N¯‹ ‡®¾¯u® Nµ²l®±Sµ Hºu®Šµ y¯ä‡®±ý®: A®± Nµ²hÔ r°î®¾¯«w®: bµ¶w®-„¹u®Ü u®«S®¡®ªå î®±q®±Ù š¯ºQãu®ý®«w®u®ªå N®ºl®±…Š®±î® š¯î®¾¯ãºý®S®¡®±, B‡®±«Š®± „¯Š®q®NµÊ …Š®±î® y®½î®«u®ªå‡µ±° Cu®Û Kºu®± î®±œ¯w¬ š¯ÚxN® î®±S®u®-u®«u® î®±²©N®, „¯äœ®âoS®¡® N¯©u® Nµ²wµ‡®± œ®ºq®u®ªå B‡®±«Š® î®±q®±Ù D š¯ÚxN® u®«u® y®ä®S®¡® š®ï±â©w®NµÊ, Ey®xÇ®q®±ÙS®¡® Bq®âïuµã î®±q®±Ù bµ¶w® î®±q®±Ù „¹u®Ü u®«S®¡® q®q®æS®¡®± G±p‡®¾¯Tîµ.”

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l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± N®±ºu®N®±ºu¯X¯‡®±«Š® ‘y®äî®X®w®š¯Š®’ Hº… AvÃN®³q® BS®î®± S®äºs®u® îµ±°Œµ š®ºýµ²°u®wµSµ qµ²l®Tu¯S® As®î¯ Au®Š® q®Š®±î¯‡®±, D N®³r‡®± Ey®„¯ǵ‡®¾¯u® bµ¶w® ý¹Š®šµ°x‡®± îµ±°Œµ ïýµ°Ç® „µ¡®N®± Xµ©±åî® ‘The Prakrit Dialect of Pravacan Sara’ “y®äî®X®w®š¯Š®u® y¯äN®³q® Ey®„¯ǵ” Hº… ïu®æq®²æo« Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý …Šµu®±, î®±±º…‰± ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±u® š®ºýµ²°u®wµ y®räNµ‡®± š®ºy®¼h

III-6 Š®ªå y®äN®i›u®Š®±.

Cu®Š®ºqµ‡µ±° rŒµ²°‡®± y®oØrÙ, X®ºu®äŒµ°P¯ î®±q®±Ù N®±î®©‡®±î®¾¯Œ¯ Cq¯ãv S®äºs®S®¡®w®±Ý š®ºy¯vš®±î¯S® D ‹°r‡®± Awµ°N® Œµ°Qw®S®¡®w®±Ý …Šµu®± y®äN®i›u®±Ûºh±.

ii

1883 Š®ªå Indian Antiquary y®räNµ‡®±ªå, yµ½ä. œµ²wµ°«© Hº… y¯þÏ¯q®ã ïu¯æºš®Š®± ý®±„®X®ºu®ä î®±q®±Ù Bq®w® î¯ãN®Š®ou® œ®©î®¼ œ®š®ÙªRq®S®¡® …SµÌ ï› Dq® ‡®¾¯î® ý®±„®X®ºu®ä? Hº… y®äýµÝ‡®±w®±Ý HrÙ œ¯Sµ° †iÔu®ÛŠ®±. D ý®ºNµ‡®± y®‹ œ¯Š®N¯ÊT l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± D ïÇ®‡®±u® …SµÌ B¡®î¯T Au®㇮±w® ¯m „®ºl¯Š®N®Š® y¯äX®ã ïu¯ã ýµ²°u® š®ºšµÚ‡®± y®räNµ‡®±ªå (A.B.O.R. Vo1.I. XIII) 1930 Š®ªå Subhacandra and his Prakrit Grammer’ “ý®±„®X®ºu®ä î®±q®±Ù Bq®w® y¯äN®³q® î¯ãN®Š®o” Hº… Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý …Šµu®±, D N®³r‡®± ý®±„®X®ºu®äw®w®±Ý „µ°Šµ I¡®± cw® ý®±„®X®ºu®ä‹ºu® „µ°y®«m›, xcî¯u® ý®±„®X®ºu®äw®w®±Ý QYq®y®m› ïu¯æºš®Š® y®äý®ºšµSµ y¯q®äŠ¯u®Š®±.

Auµ° ‹°r ‘‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®’ bµ¶w® ïu¯ã£µ°q®äu®ªå Kºu®± N®S®Ìºg¯T E¢vq®±Ù. Cu®Š® îµ±°Œµ Awµ°N® ïu¯æºš®‹ºu® ïïu® X®Xµ«, Fœ¯îµ²°œ®S®¡®± š¯Tu¯S®, l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± ‘Yapaniya Samgha A Jaina Sect’ “bµ¶w®u®«u® Kºu®± y®ºs®î¯u® ‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± š®ºU®” Hº… Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý …Šµu®± î®±±º…‰± ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±u® ýµ²°u® y®räNµ‡®±ªå 1933 Š®ªå y®äN®i›u®Š®±. A©åuµ Cuµ° ïÇ®‡®±u® …SµÌ î®±±ºu®±î®‹›u® q®î®±â Au®㇮±w®-Aw®±š®ºu¯w®S®¡®ªå N®ºl®±…ºu® AvÃN®³q® š®ºS®rS®¡®w®±Ý D Nµ¡®Tw® HŠ®l®± Œµ°Qw®S®¡®ªå ï› ïýµ°Ç® „µ¡®N®± Xµªåu®Š®± .

“The Meaning of Yapaniya” “‡®¾¯y®x°‡®± ý®…Ûu® As®«” (§°N®j®ºý¯›ô A†Ãw®ºu®w® S®äºs® 1973) î®±q®±Ù “More Light on the Yapaniya Samgha” “‡®¾¯î®x°‡®± š®ºU®u® îµ±°Œµ œµYÏw® „µ¡®N®±” („®ºl¯Š®N®Š® y¯äX¯ãïu¯ã š®ºšµÚ‡®± ýµ²°u® y®räNµ, 1974) .

iii

Cw®²Ý î®±²Š®wµ‡®± EuµÛ°ý®u® Eu¯œ®Š®nµS®¢S¯T Nµ¡®Tw® HŠ®l®± Œµ°Qw®S®¡®w®±Ý EŒµå°Rš®…œ®±u®±.

“ The Lesya Doctrine” ‘Œµ°ý¯ã›u¯Ûºq®’ d°î¯q®âw® î®o« ïw¯ãš®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® D Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý AR© „¯Š®r°‡®± y¯äX®ã ïu¯ãÉ y®‹Ç®q®±Ù `…lµ²°u¯ AvÃîµ°ý®w® (1935) u®ªå î®±ºm›u®Š®±. q®Š®±î¯‡®± Au®± y®‹Ç®rÙw® O䇮¾¯ N®Œ¯y®S®¢Sµ š®º…ºvÛu® S®äºs®u®ªå y®äN®iš®©ÞiÔq®±.

Ÿ°Sµ‡µ±° “ The present position of Prakrit, Jaina and Buddhist Studies” y¯äN®³q®, bµ¶w® î®±q®±Ù „¹u®Û Au®㇮±w®S®¡® Cºvw® ›Úr’'' Hº… ›u®Ü Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý Cuµ° y®‹Ç®rÙw® œµ¶u¯ä„¯u® AvÃîµ°ý®w®u® (1941) T°‡®± Au®ãÉ£® š¯Úw®vºu® î®±ºm›u®Ûw®±Ý, Cu®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® N¯‡®±«N®Œ¯y®S®¡® S®äºs®u®ªå y®äN®iš®Œ¯Tuµ.

iv

Cw®²Ý Nµ²wµ‡®± Bu®ý®«u® Eu¯œ®Š®nµ :

BX¯‡®±« wµ°ï±X®ºu®ä ›u¯Üºq® X®N®äî®r«‡®± ‘Sµ²î®±âhš¯Š®’u® îµ±°Œµ …Šµ‡®±©ÞhÔ “d°î®q®q®æ y®äv°zN¯” Hº… š®ºš®öq® i°N¯S®äºs®î®w®±Ý Nµ°ý®î®î®p«‡®±± …Šµu®wµºu®± œ®©î¯Š®± ïu¯æºš®Š®± y®äry¯vš®±rÙu®ÛŠ®± î®±q®±Ù A©åªå …Šµ‡®±±rÙu®ÛŠ®±. Aî®wµÝ©å S®î®±x› l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± D ïÇ®‡®±u® îµ±°Œµ B¡®î¯u® Au®㇮±w® w®lµ›, D š®ºš®öq® i°Nµ 1600 Š®ªå BTœµ²°u® wµ°ï±X®ºu®äwµº… ïu¯æºš®‹ºu® …Šµ‡®±©ÞiÔuµ; Au®± N®²l® Nµ°ý®î®p«‡®± î®±²© N®w®Ýl® Š®X®wµ‡®±w®Ýº†› …Šµ‡®±©ÞiÔuµ Hº… Euµ²ß°u®u® š®q®ãî®w®±Ý š¯u¯Š®î¯T ›u®Ü¯m œ¯Sµ‡µ±° î®±±ºu®±î®‹‡®±…œ®±u¯u® q®y®Þw®±Ý rvÛu®Š®±.

Ÿ°Sµ‡µ±° A® “ Materials for the Interpretation of Gommata” “Sµ²î®±âh y®u®î®w®±Ý ïîµ°Yš®©± „µ°N¯S®±î® š¯u®w®S®¡®±” („¯Š®r°‡®± Crœ¯š® y®räNµ 1940) Hº… Œµ°Qw®î®¼, ‘Sµ²î®±âh’ D y®u®î®¼ ‘î®±w®âs®’ Hº… y®u®vºu® …ºvuµ Hº… œ®©î®¼ Cq®Š® ïu¯æºš®Š® œµ°¢Nµ‡®±w®²Ý ru®±Ûî® š®u®±uµÛ°ý®vºu® A® ŒµN®Êp‰±ºu® œ®±iÔNµ²ºmq®±. Cºs® Cq®Š® Awµ°N® Eu¯œ®Š®nµS®¡®w®±Ý Nµ²l®…œ®±u¯Tuµ.

A©åuµ A® D Œµ°Qw®S®¡®ªå Awµ°N®î®¼ w®w®Ýºs® œ®©î¯Š®± db¯Óš®±S®¢Sµ š®ºýµ²°u®N®‹Sµ yµä°Š®nµ x°m, AS®¢Sµ xN®hî¯T š®º…ºvÛu® š®ºýµ²°u®w¯ºý®S®¡®w®±Ý î®±±ºu®±î®‹›Nµ²ºl®± œµ²°S®±î®ºqµ ¯mîµ; œµ²š® š®ºýµ²°u®w® Œµ°Qw®S®¢Sµ N¯Š®p°„®²q®î¯Tîµ. Cªå w®w®Ý Nµ©î®¼ Bw®±„®î®S®¡®w®±Ý EŒµå°Qš®…œ®±u®±.

l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® “Kannada words in Hemacandra’s Desinamamala œµ°î®±X®ºu®ä uµ°þ°w¯î®±î®¾¯Œ¯u®ªå uµ²Šµ‡®±±î® N®w®Ýl® y®u®S®¡®± ” („®. y¯ä. š®ºšµÚ‡®± š®ºýµ²°u®w® y®räNµ, 1931) Hº… Œµ°Qw®î®w®±Ý Lv yµä°‹q®w¯u® w¯w®± D £µ°q®äu®ªå 5 ®±Ç® B¡®î¯u® Auµ㇮±w® w®lµ›, Cu®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® „µ°Šµ Ju®± Œµ°Qw®S®¡®w®±Ý …Šµu®±, N®w¯«hN® ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±u® š®ºýµ²°u®w® y®räNµ‡®± 1962-67 Š® š®ºy®¼hS®¡®ªå y®äN®i›uµw®±. A©åuµ Cuµ° Au®㇮±w® w¯oãu® î®±qµ²Ùºu®± î®±±Qî¯u® N®w®Ýl® „¯ǵSµ y¯äN®³q®u® Nµ²l®±Sµ Hº… ïÇ®‡®±î®w®±Ý y®ärxvÚ®±î® Some observations on the Apabhramsa Chapter of the “Sabdamamanidarpana” “ý®…Û î®±pu®y®«ou® Ay®„®äºý® y®äN®Š®ou® îµ±°Œµ œ®©î®¼ ïX¯Š®S®¡®±” Hº… Œµ°Qw®î®w®± …Šµu®± „¯Š®r°‡®± y¯äX®ãïu¯ã y®‹Ç®rÙw® ý¯ºrxNµ°q®w®u® (1981) AvÃîµ°ý®w®u®ªå î®±ºm›, „¯ºl¯Š®N®Š® y¯äX®ãïu¯ã š®ºýµ²°u®w® y®räNµ (1981) ‡®±ªå y®N®i›uµw®±. D Œµ°Qw® „¯Š®r°‡®± î®±q®±Ù ïuµ°þ°‡®± ïu¯æºš®‹ºu® K¡µë‡®± îµ±X®±ÏSµ y®lµ‰±q®±. Ÿ°Sµ‡µ±° “N®w®Ýl® „¯ǵ‡®± ý¯Y° î®±²©” ‘On the Paisaci origin of Kannada Language’ “w¯S®î®î®±« î®±q®±Ù î®±²Š®±î®Šµ „¯ǵS®¡®±” Nagavarma and Three-and-half Languages Cq¯ãv w®w®Ý œ®©î¯Š®± Œµ°Qw®S®¡®± l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® š®î®±S®ä š®ºýµ²°u®w® Œµ°Qw®S®¡® w®w®Ý Brâ°‡®± î®±q®±Ù S¯l® Au®㇮±w®u® y®©î¯T î®±²m…ºu®î®¼S®¡¯Tîµ. Cºs® Aw®±„Â®î® Cq®Š® œ®©î¯Š®± ïu¯æºš®‹S®² CŠ®…œ®±u¯Tuµ Hºu®± w¯w®± w®º…±îµw®±.

l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® š®ºýµ²°u®w® Œµ°Qw®S®¡® …SµTw® D X®Xµ«‡®± š®ºu®„®«u®ªå, Cu®NµÊ š®º…ºvÛu® î®±q®±Ù w®w®Ý Aw®±„®î®NµÊ …ºu® Kºu®± N®h± š®q®ãî®w®±Ý ïš®±î®u®± w®w®Ý î®±w®NµÊ Ax®±«îµxš®±rÙuµ.

l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š®± š®±î®¾¯Š®± 45 ®±Ç®S®¡® Aî®vÇ®±ªå …Šµu®, î®±q®±Ù A©åªå y®äN®i›u® D Œµ°Qw®S®¡®w®±Ý q®î®±â xrÙ‡®± w®ºq®Š® Kºu®± š®î®±S®ä š®ºS®äœ® S®äºs®u® Š®²y®u®ªå y®äN®iš®„µ°Nµºu®± Kºu®± ‡µ²°cwµ‡®±w®±Ý œ¯ONµ²ºmu®ÛŠ®±. D N¯‡®±«NµÊ y®½î®«„¯¾¯T, A® N®³rS®¡® þš®±Ù…u®Ûî¯u® Kºu®± ï®n¯ y®iÔ‡®±w®±Ý (Bibliography of His Works) ›u®Ûy®m›u®ÜŠ®±. Au®Šµ u®±uµ¶«î® vºu® A® BN®›âN® î®±Š®ovºu® D N¯‡®±« Aªå‡µ±° xºq®±œµ²°‰±q®±. q®Š®±î¯‡®± šµ²Œ¯åy®¼Š®u® “bµ¶w® š®ºš®ör š®ºŠ®£®N® š®ºU®”  1977 Š®ªå Bibliography of the works of Dr. A.. N. Upadhye” “l¯. Ey¯uµã A® N®³rS®¡® ï®n¯ y®iÔ” Hº… ›ÙNµ‡®±w®±Ý y®äN®i›q®±. Cu®Š® Bu¯Š®u® îµ±°Œµ A® Nµ©î®¼ ï±q®äŠ®±, Ÿqµ¶™S®¡®± î®±q®±Ù A†Ã¯xS®¡®± î®±q®±Ù ïýµ°Ç®î¯T vªå‡®± „¯Š®r°‡®± b¯Ów®z°j®î®¼, D Aºq®Š®Š¯™ó°‡®± P¯ãr‡®± vS®q® ïu¯æºš®Š® CXµß‡®±w®±Ý y®½Šµ¶š® „µ°Nµºu®² š®ºS®äœ® S®äºs®u® N¯‡®±«î®w®±Ý š®‹‡®¾¯T ¯l®„µ°Nµºu®² xu®«‹›u®Š®±. D S®äºs® A® š¯âŠ®N® Š®²y®u®ªå …Š®„µ°Nµºu®² œ®©î®Š® Ayµ°£µ‡®¾¯Tq®±Ù.

w¯w®± „¯Š®r°‡®± b¯Ów®z°j®u® š®ºýµ²°u®w® î®±ºl®©u® š®u®š®ãw¯T Nµ©š® ¯l®±rÙŠ®±î¯S® (1981-1984) l¯. ïî®±© y®äN¯ý® bµ¶w® (šµNµäh‹) Šµ²l®wµ Nµ²Œ¯åy®¼Š®NµÊ „µiÔ Nµ²h±Ô D î®±ºl®©u® îµ±¶š®²‹w® ï±°iºTw®ªå w®lµu® X®Xµ« î®±q®±Ù w®î®±â v‡®± Bu¯Š®u® îµ±°Œµ, „¯Š®r°‡®± b¯Ów®z°j® D S®äºs®u® š®ºy¯u®w¯ N¯‡®±«î®w®±Ý w®w®Sµ KzÞ›q®±.

AǮԊ®ªå l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® î®±N®Ê¡®± (îµ±N¯ãxN®Œ¬ î®±q®±Ù CŒµOóN®Œ¬ Cºdx°‡®±‹ºS¬ Bv ïÇ®‡®±u®ªå A†ÃŠ®±Y‡®±±¡®ë®±), q®ºuµ‡®± B …œ®±î®±²©ã S®äºs® „¯ºl¯Š®î®w®±Ý S®±cŠ¯s® ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±NµÊ ¯‹u®Š®±. w®w®Ý N¯‡®±« š¯S®u¯‰±q®±. BS® „¯Š®r°‡®± b¯ÓÉw®z°j®u® BTw® xuµ°«ý®N®Š¯u® §° ©¤Èâ°X®ºu® bµ¶w®Š® Buµ°ý®u® îµ±°Œµ, Aœ®î®±âu¯„¯vw®ªå B ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±u® S®äºs¯©‡®±NµÊ î®±²Š®± vw®S®¡® „µiÔ Nµ²h±Ô, Aªå‡®± S®äºs®y¯© §° y®gµ°©Š® š®œ®N¯Š®vºu® Nµ²Œ¯åy®¼Š®vºu® š®Ú¡¯ºq®‹š®©ÞhÔ B ›‹î®ºq® š®î®±S®ä S®äºs® „¯ºl¯Š®u® S®î®w®±Ý N®²©ºN®Ç®î¯T y®‹þ°ª›uµw®±. u®±uµ¶«î®vºu® l¯. Ey¯uµ㇮±î®Š® H©å 185 Œµ°Qw®S®¡®± Aªå ›S®ª©å. A® ï±q®äŠ¯u® y®¼nµ‡®± l¯. BŠ¬. Hw¬. u¯ºlµ°N®Š®Š®w®±Ý š®ºy®O«›u¯S®, E¢u® Œµ°Qw®S®¡® ŠµÄ±Š¯N®é y®ärS®¡®± „®ºl¯Š®N®Š® š®ºšµÚ‡®±ªåw® ïïu® œ®¡µ‡®± ýµ²°u® y®räNµS®¢ºu® qµSµu®± N®¢š®±î®u¯T …Šµu®± w®w®Sµ uµ¶‡®±« Nµ²hÔŠ®±.

î®±±ºuµ 15 vw®S®¡®ªå w®w®Ý ®v‡®±w®±Ý ›u®Ûy®m›, „¯Š®r°‡®± b¯Ów®z°j®NµÊ š®ªå›uµw®±. Au®Š®ªå D š®ºN®ªÞq® S®äºs®u® š®æŠ®²y®u® …SµÌ‡®±² w®w®Ý ‡®±OÙN® A†Ãy¯ä‡®±î®w®±Ý î®ãN®Ùy®m›uµw®±. Aºu®Šµ D S®äºs® Cq®Š® y¯Š®ºy®‹N® w®î®±²wµ‡®± š¯âŠ®N® S®äºs®S®¡®ºrŠ®uµ. “Dr. AN. Upadhye and His Research Papers” l¯. B. wµ° Ey¯uµã î®±q®±Ù A® š®ºýµ²°u®w® Œµ°Qw®S®¡®±” Hº… œµš®‹xºu® Kºu®± š®ºS®äœ®-Eu®ÌÉäºs®u® Š®²y®u®ªåŠ®„µ°N®± Hºu®± EŒµå°R›uµw®±. Aºu®Šµ A® CXµß‡®±w®±Ý y®½Šµ¶š®±î®uµ° A® š¯âŠ®N® S®äºs®î¯TŠ®„µ°N®±. Cu®NµÊ Bu®ý®« Š®²y®î¯T, As®î¯ ¯u®‹‡®¾¯T, y®þÏî®± cî®±«x‡®± S®åš®w®y¬ š®ºšµÚ (Glasenapp Foundation) ‰±ºu® “Ludwing Alsdrof Cleine Schriften” Hº… yµ½ä°. A©él¯y®«Š® î®±Š®nµ²°q®ÙŠ® 1974 Š®ªå y®äN®hî¯u® S®äºs®î®w®±Ý CgµÔw®±. §° ©¤°X®ºu® bµ¶w®Š®± Cu®NµÊ q®î®±â y®½o« KzÞSµ Cuµ Hºu®² w®w®Sµ r¢›u®Š®±. î®±±ºuµ A®± xq®ÙŠ¯u® îµ±°Œµ D ‡µ²°cwµ‡®± N¯‡®±«X®Š®nµ Aªå‡µ±° E¢‰±q®±. q®Š®±î¯‡®± w¯w®² N®w¯«hN® ïý®æïu¯ã©‡®±u® bµ¶w® z°j®vºu® xq®Ùw¯T š®ºNµ°ý®æŠ®NµÊ …ºuµw®±. Bu®Šµ D N¯‡®±« œ¯Sµ° E¢u®± î®±±ºvw® z°¢Sµ‡®± ïu¯æºš®‹S®², š®ºýµ²u®N®‹S®², q®±º…Œ¯Š®u® œ¯x‡®±±ºg¯‰±q®©å Hº… î®ãsµ w®w®Ý î®±w®u®ªå CºvS®² îµ±©±N®± œ¯N®±rÙuµ.

3. Š¯™ó°‡®± î®±q®±Ù Aºq®Š¯™ó°‡®± î®±hÔu® y®‹Ç®q®±Ù š®îµ±â°©w® š®ºSµ²°™ÕS®¡® š®u®š®ãŠ¯T, ïýµ°Ç® Ey®w¯ãš® N®Š¯T, Au®㣮Š¯T

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