ß֭֯:-
22 . ן֣֭, ֣
֣ ߣԍӓ ֳ, ֭, ֯, ֭ ָם֍
ֻ. . ך֝ פߓ ֻ ֤֕ ӭ ֻ֭
Ӥ߸ ִԿ . ־ Ӳָӓ פ
. ִԿֵ ־ ־ 2-3 ־ָ ָ
ߣԴפ֓ ָ ן֯֓߭ ִԿ Ӭֻ껵 .
ٟ֍ 㬤 ִֵٝ՟ פӲָ
ӓ ֡ ָ.
:- ֣
֯ Ӥ֕ 1ll ־ָ פӲָ ӓ ӟ
֬ ֬ . ָָָ ןִ ֻ
ִþִ ־ԝֳ״ ֻ֭ ֟, ֻֿ
פ ֟ ӓ ָ ֤ӓ ã֭֯
. ֭ ֪ 2 ֵ߯՟ ־ .
־ ֬ ֻ (֜) ֓
֯֟֟ ֳ֓ ֓߭ ן֍ ִ
ָߓֿ ֲֻ . ך֝ ָ פӲָ ӑ֓
ӑֳ־֭ ֻ֭ . ӟ ӑ֓ ㏵ ֵԻֵ
ֻֿ ָþ֟ ־֭ . ֳ ʓִֵ
Ӑֻ ց֝ã .
߯:- ֯
וֻ֟ ֍ֲ֤ ã֭ ־ָ ִ ֤ߓ
Ӛ ָ֙ Ӿ֓ ֓߭ Ӿ . Ӿ֓
ֳ֬ ֻֿ פ . ֻ ִԿ .
Ӑֻӟ ֓߭ פ .
ӟ ״֣֭ ־ӟӓ ֤ . ך֝
״֣֭ӓ ֭ã֭ ֻ֭ ֟.
Ӥ֏ӛ
֬֯ӟ.
ֻ:- ߣԁ
, ָ ֓ ֯ ӓ ָ֭֬
פӲָ ִ ֻ֭껵 . ״֣֭
ߣԍӓ 30 ӓ . פ֣ӓ ָ
ֻֿ ٟ . ֳ ֻ ֬ ־ ־ 25
פӲָ פ . ֯ פ ֻֿ
.
א:- ֻ
ӿ ևԭ־ָ אָ Ӿ֓ Ù֭ .
֓֕־ 2 ־ָ ֬ . ֿ֭
. ߾ָ 77 פӲָ פ . ֓
Ӥ 1ll ױ .
ָ . ֻ ֵֿ֣ ָ ִԿ
17 פ . ֵֻ֪ .
ֵ֜ :- ã֭
ֵ֜ ã֭֓ ֭֕֬ . ֓ ־
. ־ָ . ֓ س֟ߓֵ
ֻ֏ӛִ֬ ־ פ. ٟ 껵 .
־ ֻ־ . ֓ ֚־ָ ןִ .
֯ ߓ ӓ 15 ָ 10 .
֭ßӳ Ӿָ ٟ 껵 .
ָ֕:- ֮֯
֯ ֟ӭ 21 Ӿָ ߭ ֙ ״֟.
7 ־ָ ָ֕ . ֭ Ӿ .
ִԿ . ֬ 31 פӲָ פ
Ӥ߸ӓ ã֯֟֍ ӟ ֝ߵ .
א:-
ָ ָ ß֯ 40 Ӿָ ֭֬־ָ .
־ߍ ß֭ 6 Ӿָ ־ Ӿ֓
Ӿ . Ӿ֓ ־ ־ԟ א ֬
. ָ .
֛־ָ 24 פ . 㬤 ߯
ֵ֟߯՟ ָ.
אָ:-
ָ֬ꓵ ָ Ù֭֯ 30 Ӿָ . Ӿӟ
ִԿ ֟ פ . ִ 30 Ӿָ 2
Ԑ־ָ -־ԟ . ָ
. ־ԟ־ָ 25 פ .
פ ֻ־֓ ֳ֬ . ן־ ٟ֍ 㬤
߯ ִֵٝ՟ ֡ ָ.
֯:-
ꓵ , ߭ ևԭ־ָ Ù֭ .
־ ־ 25 Ӿָ . ך֝ ֓
֍ָ֓ ־ԟ . ־ֹ֓ ֓ Ӿ ֛
־. ־ԟ־ָ ֓ ֵֿ֣ ״ 59 פ .
־ԟ־ָ פ֓ ֳ֬ פ ӟ
֛ӟ ִٟ . ֭֩־ָ
ߓ ӓ 9-10 ֯ . .
־߸ӓ ٟ . ӟӟ ֭֟ ָ
ԭ֭֚֯ ֟.
֟ӲӬ ֍ ϓ֟ . ָ֕
ֻӓ ӓ֓ ו֝ꬤָ ֻ
, ֻֻ .
ָ 48
Ӿָ ߝ֕ . ߭ פ ӟ
ןִ ן֣֭ ־ӟ֓ 14 ӓ ָ ־߸
þִ 12 ӓ ם ַ Ӥ ٟ
. ָ 38 Ӿָ ֻ֣ Ӿ .
Ӿָ פ 10 ֛ԯ 24 ֛ԯֵ՟
ӓߓ ֛֭ã ןִ . ֟֯ 10
Ӿָ Ӿ . Ӿָ 5-6 ֓߭
פ . ָ ֕ӭ , 20 ֛
ӓߓ ן֣֭ ־ӟ֓ ٟ 4-5 ӓߓ
כ .
֛:- ֬
ꓵ ֟֯ Ù֭֭ 19 Ӿָ ָ־ָ
. ָָ Ӿ֯ϴ֝ '֛' .
֓߭ וֵֻ֭ ם֟ כ ٟ . ꓵ
ֻ֓ ָ֍ . ֝ ։ָ ֻ
. ־ ־ ֿ ֻֻ ֜֟.
Ӥ ֭ßӳ . ِ֍ ִ .
ִӾָ Ӥ ך֝ . ִ
ӟ 14 ֛ ӓߓ ן֣֭ ߣԍӓ
.
֯:-
ؾ֬֯ӟӟ ߍ֛ ӟָ־ָ Ӑֻӟ
. ֓ ָ ֕ ֻ֭ . ֓
ӟ ־֤ פ ָ ֵֻ֪ . ٟ֍
㬤 ֟߯ ן־ ֡ ָ.
ָ:- ߍ֛ 9
Ӿָ Ӿ , ־ ־ ։ Ӿָ
֛ ך֝ ߭ פӲָ פ . פ֟ 21
ӓߓ ן֣֭ ־ӟ֓ ן ֭ ٟ .
ٟ כ ӟָ ָָ . .
. 1237 ֬ ן֓ ן ֻ. פ־ֵ
ָ פ . ָ ֤ ִ֭ӟ
־ . ם֟ כ ٟ
פ֟֟. ֯ ãӓ ߭ ӟ
֝ߵ ֚ .
Ӥ :-
֟֯ 20 Ӿָ . פӟ 24
פ ֻ껵 ֟ӟ ߣԍӓ ָ߸֓
֓֓ 24 ߣԍӓ 24 ִָ֭֕
. ύָ ָߍ ֵ ״
. 9 Ӿָ Ӥ . ߝ
ߝ פ ־ֵ ״֟. ןִ ָ ן
דָ֢ԍ .
ָ֓և:-
Ӥ߯ 34 Ӿָ ֭֯֬ ך֝ . 8
Ӿָ ָ֓և Ӿ . 28 פ
ӟ ־ ־ 1000 ןִ . ӟ ֍
Ӑֵֻ ã֟ߟ ֍ߓ כ .
֭֕:- Ӥ߾ֹ
8 Ӿָ . 25 פ
ןִ ֛ӟ 껵 . ֛֭ã
ӓ ӓ 20 30 ֵ՟ . Ӥ֏ӛӟ ָ
אֻ֟ ־ פӲָ ӓߓ
Ӳָӓ ־ ִֻ ӓ ߣԁ
.
֤ ֬֯Ϥ.
ԭ֣:- ֬
ꓵ ֍ (֤) Ù֭֯ ָ 40 Ӿָ
ָ Ӿ֓ Ӿ . Ӿ֓ Ӿ֓ ֳ֬
ӟ ֓߭ ֻ֕ ִפ ֓
֕֕ ӯϤֵ֓ ִԿ . ֓߭
ןִ ߴ֬ ָ . ־ֹ֓ ןִ 'ן
ԭ֣' Ӿ֭ ֬ ֻ .
ӯϤֵӭ ֯ֆֻ֯ ָ֬߭ ֭ ֓
Ӭ פ . ֍ 6 9 ֵ՟ ָ 12 3
ֵ՟ Ӳָ ֭ ֟ ָ 9 12 3 6 ֵ՟
פӲָ ֭ ֟.
ָ:- ֍
וֻӟ ٟ֕֯ Ù֭֯ ־ִ֟ ַ֝
ևԭ־ָ . ߭ ֓߭ ֿӻ
פ . פӟ Ӥ, , , , ֮
ӓ . ָּӓ ߭
֪ ָֻ֟ ֝֓ ָ ֝֓ ןָ
ӑ֓ . ָֻ֟֝ ֝ פӟ Í,
֍ ӣӓ ӛָ . ־߸ ʓִֵ
Ӿ֓ ֤ ց֝ ã .
㟍א:-
֬ ַӛӟ ֓֯ 12 Ӿָ ֕ԭ
ִ֬ ֛־ָ . ֵֿ֣ ִԿ ־
. ֵ־ָ ֜֝ ֵַ ֻ֭껵
. ָ־ָ ӱ ӟ ֓߭
֯ןִ . ӱ֓ ֯ 52 פ .
֯֯ ֻ .
֟֍:- ןֵֿ
ָ־֟߯ 10 Ӿָ 3 פӲָ
פ . ֯ ִ֬ ֳ֣֭ӓ ֭֩ã 3
ӓ ٟ ִָ֭֕ . ֕ ָ
֭֟ ٟ֍ ֪ ӓִ ָ.
ִ֙:- ך֝
֯ 24 Ӿָ . פӲָ ӓ ֚
פ . ֯ ֓߭ פӟ 16 ߣԍ
ן֣֭ þִ ӓ 15 ӓߓ ֭ ןִ
ִָ֭֕ .
֭֕֯
ӟ.
־߸ :-
ۿִ ꓵ ֤-֣ ևԭ־ָ ' ־߸'
Ӿ Ù֭ . 4 ־Ӹ .
ֻֿ ؤӲָ ִפ ӟ ־ָ þִߓ
֭ ןִ . ןִ ־֓
ֻ֑ . ָ ֿ֟: ֵ֯
ָ߭ ָ ֟ߓ ӛ ӟ ָ֬ ߭
֟. ֡ ߑ ֻ ֟. ן־
־֪ ן֤֯ ־ָ ־ӟ֓ ã֭
ִ ֭֙ ״ָ֝ ֑֟. ֏ ߭
־ ִ֟֟ ־֟ӓ þָ ֵ֤߯՟
֟֟. ֙ ֟ ָ ֵָ ֟֟. ߭
֑ ֟֟. ״ָ֝ ָ ױ ָ ־ӟӓ
־ָ ָ ֝֟֟. ӟָ : ָӓ ֡
ָ.
Ӥ:-
וֻӟ ֭֯ Ӿ֓ ֓߭ . ֭֯
Ր־ָ Ӥ Ӿ֓ .
ֳ՟ ӟ ִפ . ӟ ֻֿ
ןִ . ӓ ӏ 577 ָ. ֕֓ ָ פ
֓ ֝֓ 10 ӓ ٟ-ßӳ . ֓ ָ
֕ פӲָ ןִ 껵 ߭ ֕ӭ
.
ԭ֣:- ֬
ꓵ ֻ- ևԭ־ָ Ӿ֓ Ù֭ .
ֵ ֻ Ùִ֬ . Ӿָ
֓߭ ִפ . ԭ֣ þִ ֭֩
ӟ ֖֭ 2ll ӓߓ ٟ ִָ֭֕ .
ӯϤֵ֓ 껵 ֟. ָ ֚ ָָ
ֵ㌟ 껵 . ֍ 6 9 ֵ՟ פӲָ
ӯϤֵ֓ ֟ ָ Ӳָ֚
ֵ֟ .
ײֵ֕ ԭ֣:-
ߴ֓֯ 68 ־ָ ײֵ֕ ã֭ . Ӿ֓
־ ԭ֣ þִߓ ӟ ֓߭ ֝ߵ
ןֵֿ- . פӟ 23 ןִ 껵 .
ָ ֕ӭ س֟߾ָ ٟ 껵
. ֻֿ ֳ-ӛ, ָ , ֭ßӳ
֭ßӳ־ָ ןִ ֻֻ .
ֳ֤
(֕) :- ָ 40 Ӿָ .
ֳ֤ӓ ֻֿ פ . ֓ ָ
֕ӭ . ӟ ֳ֬ Ӑִָָ Ӥ߸
ӓ ӓ 48 ֏ָ . ӟ 껵֭ӟָ
ֳ֤ӓ ㏵ פ ֜. ִ֬ 6-7 ӓߓ
֭֩ã ִ־֝ פӲָ ٟ , ָ
֜֝֓ ֍ ֍ ϣ , ָ֭ ־ ٟ
Ӎ ֟. 'ָ֕' ֟֟.
Ӳָ Ӑ 㬤 ֜֟֟.
ã֭֓ ֿ ֭֟ . ӯϤֵ֓
֤֭ ֟.
-־ԟ:- ۿִ
ָ Ù֭֯ ֛֍ ָ
֟֟. ֛־ָ ֛ ־ ֕ פӲָ
פ . ־ߍ פ־֛֓ ֬ Ӳָ
פ ִԝ ֻ . ֯ פ ִֻֿ֭
. . 1088 ֬ 18 53 ֏ ֓ԭ ָ פ
ßֻ ֻ֯ ӭ 12 53 ֏ ֵ ֓
ֻ֭ . Ӑִָָ ֝ߵ . ֻֿ
פӓ ֬ פӲָ פ .
ֻ֛:-
פ־֛֯ 5 Ӿָ ֻ֛ . ֭ Ӳָ
פ . ӯ
פӟ ֯ ֟ӓ 14 ןִ ִָ֭֕ .
ָ֬:-
Ӥ ӛ ևԭ־ָ Ӿ֓ Ù֭ . ־
ִԤ Ӛ ָָ . Ӿ֬
ָ֬ ֟ . ֤֭ߓ Ӛ־ָ .
֍֟, ִ֤ 3ll
یֳֻ ֻ .
:- ӛ
ָ߭ ֻ ֟ , ߭ ָ ֓ ß .
֓߭ פ . Ӿ֟ 1218 ֬ Ӭֻ
. ־ֵ ָ ֓߭ פ ߝԾã
. ԯ ֓ ״ֻ .
'־א' ֬ ֟֟.
֛֭:- ֛֭
5 ־ָ ֛־ָ
껵־ָ ֛֭ ״. ֛֭ Ӿ֓ ־
ִֻ Ӿ ֛ . ß֍ ֓ Ӿ
'א' . ־ֹ Ӧו֟ ֍ ӭ
ی ״ֻ . ־ֹ Ӧו֟ ֍ ӭ
ی ״ֻ . ֓ Ӥ ֟ӭ ־՟
ֻֿ֍ֵ ӓ .
'־֭֕֕' ֟֟ Ӿ֟ 1223 ֬
ߝԬָ ֻ ӯ֛. ֛־ָ ־ פ
. 㬤 ִֵٝ՟
֍ ֡ ָ.
- ָ֣
-֭
ָ:- ֓߭
֬- ָ֣ ӟ֓ Ӛ וֻӟ ۿִ
ָ ָ Ӿ֓ Ù֭֯ ߭
֛־ָ . ָ פ 3ll
. ӯϤֵ֓ פ .
אָָ:- ӟ
֛ ־ ֬ ֪֭ . ֛
Ù֭֯ 4-5 Ӿָ אָָ ־ԟ֓ ֵ֣ ֟.
ӯϤֵ֓ ִԿ ֛־ָ ֚֜
ִԿ ־֓ Ӭ߾ ֵַӭ ָ .
ֵ֙՟ . 22 ߣԍ . ״֣֭ ־֭ӭ ֓
֛֓ áӟ ֭ӟ ߁ ֯
ӭ ֻ֖֭֓ ۯ ֻ ֓
. ӓ ֬ ֕ߴ֟ ӭ 㬤 ֓
ך֝ ߁ ֻ . ֛־ָ ֻ־ָ
ӱ ֤֕ߓ ٟ ֜.
ӯϤֵ֓ פ . ַ ֛־ָ ָ
֤ ֹ ָӭ . ־֣
֛־ָ ֚֜ ֵֵָ ߟ, ִֵ ֓־ָ
֜ ӟ ך . ߍ֓ Ϫ㴭֍ָ
ց ӓ־ ֛־ֹ . ״֣֭
. ־ ך֝ ֤ . ך֝ ֛ӟ
껵 ִ . ӯֵ֦ӟ ֏ָ
ϴ֝ ӟ ֭֟ .
֡ӕֵ:- ۿִ
ꓵ ֻߟ֭ Ù֭ 1ll-2 ӟָ־ָ ֛֓
ֵ֣ . ֓ ֛֓ ֜և ָ . ß
ָ . ֛־ָ Ӳָӓ ־ ־ 3ll ָ
. ֚ ֵ ֓ ֻ .
Ӳָ ־ӯϤֵ ־ ߣԯ ߣ ָ ֭֟.
פӲָӓ פ . ֻߟ֭ ӟ
Ӳָ֓ 20-25 ִԿ פ .
ִ פ ֵָ ֻ . ӟ ֝־ָ
Ӳָӓ ־ ִ . ӭ ߭
ӛ .
־֛:-
֛֯ 28 Ӿָ ӯ֭ ־ ־֛
֬ . ־֛ ֕ ֻֿ ֛
֓ . ֛־ָ ֜֓ Ծָ ֛ ֜
ָ . ֛־ָ ֚ פӓ ӛ־ֿ
. ӓ ߝ쬤ָ . . ִ֓Ӧӓ
־֍ָ ֍ָ ם ָ
.
ָ
ӐߟӐ:-
֍ וֻӟ ӕ֯ӣ 80 Ӿָ .
־ ־ ־ԟӓ . ӯ ֓ Ӿ
'Ӑ' ַ֓ Ӿ 'Ӑ' . Ӑ ֏ָ֓
ӱ֬ ָ֬֯֝ ֿ֛߭ ןִ ָ ֤
. ם Ӑ ֛ӟ ־ ־ ןִ .
֬ӓ ֯ ןִ . ֬ןִӓ֕־
د֔ ӛ ֬ӓ ֻ ӓ Ӿ
. ־ԟ֓ ֳ֬ ã֭ . ך֝
ֳֻ֦֭ ߍ֓ ӟÍָ , ֵ
. ֓ ִ֓Ӧ, ָ, ߾ ־ԝ
ۯ ֻ .
֕֯ӣ:- ֍
־ ֹ ִ֍ ֵ֓ ־ ֿ֭ ߾ָ
֬- . ֜ ֵַ ֳֻ֦
֤ӿߵ ֕ӭ ֯ۯ ֻ .
() :-
ִ֛֭ ӌ֭ Ù֭ 60 ־ָ (ֲ֤ 18
Ӿָ) Ӿ . Ӿ֕־ ֛ӟ 껵
ֻֿ ӱ ߾ ꝵֲ֧ ִ֬
֬ . 31, 32, 33 24 Ӳָ ꝵ
ԝߵ . ־ ԭ֣ӓ þ֟ӡ
פ ִ֬ 12ll ӓ ֭ ןִ ִָ֭֕
. ֻ ָӭ ָ ӱ ֟֟. ߝԾã
. ( ԭ֣ ɓִֵ ־߭֯֝
ֻ .)
ֻא:-
ֿ Ù֭֯ ־ ־ 21 Ӿָ
֛־ָ . . ֳ֝ ֳ֭
. ־ԟ־ָ ָ ֤ӓ פ
. (֟ ך֝ ן ֻ .)
פ . ֑ ִٝ
֡ ָ . .
ָ־--(
ӱ ):- ֯ ָ ֻאָ ֟
֟ӭ ՟ ôֲ֤֭ Ӿ֓ . ֓
Ӿ ָ־ . '' Ӿ֓
Ӿ ֓߭ ִפ . ָ־֓ ־
ӱ . ㏵ ӱ ӟ
ֻֿ . Ӵ֬ ӓ ֓ . ԭ֣ӓ
ӱ ӟ ֻֿ . Ӵ֬ ӓ ֓ .
ԭ֣ӓ ֝֓ ٟ ִָ֭֕
֕ ֱ֟ ԭ֣ӓ ٟ .
֝֏ ֝ , ־ָ ִٟ 껵
. ㏵ ӱ ָ ӱ . ־
ӱӟ ןִ ㏵֟: ԭ֣ ־֭ӓ
. ־߸ þִ ןִ . ־ֹ
ԭ֣ þִ ןִ ־.
״. ֯ϴ֝ ֕
ӱ ֻ֭껵 Ꟶ ֓ ӱ ֻ֓ אֻ֟
֟.
֕֯:- ׁ֝
ָ ֕֯ Ӿ֓ . Ù֭֓
־ Ӑֻ Ӑֵֻ . ӟ ִ
ֻ껵 . ٟ ߭ ֟ ӓߓ . ԭ֣ӓ
. ־ָ Ӿ֟ 1232 . Ӿָ
פ ӟ ԭ֣ ־ӟӓ
áֱֵ㌟ ֝ߵ ٟ . 17 Ӿָ
ֲָ֭ , ֓߭ .ӟ .
ԭ֣ӓ ֝֓ ߛ ֟ ӓߓ ֭֩ã
ٟ ִָ֭֕ . ָ֓ ןֵֿ
ן֓ӲӬ ֍ ϓ֟ .
ִ֤ߓ ӱ פ
:- ײ֕֯ וֻӟ ִ֤ Ӿ . ֓ ־
֛ . ׁ֝ ֛֓ ֕ ־
֟֍ӟ ֻ֭ ߭ ӓ ӱ פ
. ӱ פӟ ֝ߵ 柵 .
פ ֻ㌵ ӿ֓ ֕ ֍ ֭ Ӭֻ .
Ӿ:- ֤
ָ ֻ . ֓ ֓߭
. Ӑ֟֟ 108 פ .
־ ֛ ײ֕֯ ֤֓ ָָ Ӭֻ
, ֟ ߭ פ . ӓ ָאָ
ցߍִ ֕ ֝ߵ . Ӿ וֻӟ ß־֬
Ӿ֓ , 5-6 פ ӟ
ִٟ .
ֻ߲ -:-
״ָ ֯ ևԭ־ָ ֟֍Ӑֻ Ù֭֯ ָ
ӟָ־ָ ֛־ָ 3 פ .
ֵֿ֣ ֻ ־ӟӓ 28 ӓ ־߭ ֭
ןִ ן ֻ . ֻ ɓִֵ
ֻֿ ã .
-֦-֭
֩־֟:-
Ϥӟ ִ . ߣԻ߾ֹ
' ֩־֟' פ . ӟ
פ ӟ ֻֿ . ӱ
, ןִ .
ָӐ:- ׁ֝ ָ
וֻӟ ֭ Ӿ . ӟָ־ָ ֵ֙֓
ӟ ֻֿ פ . ӓ ӟ
ַֿ֓ ֓߭ ןִ . ֻ־֓ ֬ פ
. פ ֭ ֻ ָ ӟ Ӥ .
ָ:- ָӐ
15 Ӿָ Ӑֻ ã֭ . פӲָ֭
ӓ ֓߭ ߣã֭ . 18 וִפ .
־ԟ־ָ ֻ þִߓ 32 ӓߓ ֛֭ã
ٟ ִָ֭֕ . ִ ָ ־ԟ . ־ָ
פ . ִ֬ ָ ֕ӭ ֛֭ã ߭ ߭
ֻֿ ןִ . ָאָߓ ߭ פ
֝ߵ .
ײ֦:- ָ
10 Ӿָ Ӑֻ Ӿ . 18 פ .
ӯ ן ֻֿ . ֓ Ӿ
סֳ֭-ןֻ֍-ִם . ֓ ֟ .
פ ߭ ֻ֕ . ֻ ֚ . ־ָ ָ
ם ָ߭ . פ ֬ӟ ß
Ӿ֭ ֬ . ֻ֕ . פӟ
פӲָ ӓ Ϗ֟ ӣ ־ֻ, ֵ֬־ֻ ֲ֭
֛֭ ֯ߟ ֛֡־ָ ֤ ׁ֟
. ֓ פӟ 37 , ֮, ָ֕, , ,
ִ פ ӓ . ָּ ֹߟ
כֵ֓ ӓ ֤ ֓߭ ӣ֓
Ӑֻ Ӑ .
:- ֤ߓ Ӛ
ː֤ ֭ Ӿ . Ӿ֓ ۿִ . ֓ ӟ ֙
þִߓ 31 ӓߓ ןִ
Ӿӟ ִפ .
-ߛ:-
Ϥӟ ֭ ֓ ָ Ӿ
ӯ 12 ӟָ־ָ . ך֝֓ ٟ֍
־ ך֝֯ ֻ֭ ֟.
֭֕֬ ֬ , ֕ ָ ֬
. ӓ ־ פ . ־ פӲָ
ӯϤֵ֓ ־ָ ύָ ֍ן ָאָ
פ .
־ֲ֝:- ֭
וֻ֓ ӟԟ ߭ ã֭ӭ Ϥ ֏֟
ֻ֭ ך֝ , ߛ ־ֲ֝
. ֭֓ ۿִ ־ֲ֝ . ֭
֝ ָ ָ ֟֟. ־ֲ֝
Ӧא ֬אָ Ӿ֓ ֛ ־ ־
. ־ԟֵ֓ ֳ֬ ֻ־ ,
֓ Ӿ '' ֕ 'Ӝ þ֓ ֝֓ ֻ־'
. ִ֝ ִ Ӿ
־ֲ֝ Ӿ ֛.
פӲָ ӓ ߣã֭ .
ִ֙ Ӧ㯟 ֻ֯ ֦ ӓ ָָ þ֟:
֙ פ ִ߯ ֻ֚֝ ֻ .
鬤־ã ӭ Ӧאָ߾ָ ֻ֭ ָ ָ߸
. Ӧ㯟֭ ָ֤֯ӓ ָ
֙ ִ ָ ֻ֯ ־߭-֡
ӯֻ.
֭א Ӿ֓
֛־ָ ָ֙ӓ ֻֿ֍ֵ Ӥ ٟ ִָ֭֕
. ־ԟ֓ ӓ 470 ָ ֚֝ ֵַ
֛ӟ 껵 . ֍ ֻӓ ֲӟ
' ָ߸ ָ߾, ֭֯, ֕ ןִ֭
. ֓ ֝ӟ ֵָ ֍ ָ Ӥ ٟ
ӟ ָߍ , ֍ ٟ ן
í یֳָ֭ ӓ ֭ ֻ֯֍ ֍
. , ֝ ӓִ ֓ ָ֓ ֕
֟ ָ ֑ ֻ 1000 ԯ Ӑ־ӿ֓
֯ן ӡ ִӛֵ ӭ ֻ .
־ԟ־ָ ֭ ־ פ . '
Ӧאָ߾ָ
֚֜ ֵַ . ־ԟ־ָ ֳ֬
Ӭֻ . ֓ ӟ ן ֓߭ 14 פ
. פӟ ֻֿ ֓߭ ןִ
. ӱ ֦ ָ ֤ ָ֬ 1
Ӳߓ . ן֍ ߭ ֛ ן ֯
. ָ ־ָ ־ ֓߭ ֻֻ ֜֟.
ӓ ֻ . ־ԟ֓ ߭ ֛ ן
֯ . ָ ־ָ ֓߭ ֻֻ
֜֟. ӓ ֻ . ־ԟ֓ ֵֿ֣
ֻ껵 Ӿӟ 7 פ 13 ֵֻ .
פӟ ד֡֍ ׳֟ ֝֓ ßӳ
. ָּ ֹٟ ןִ
áֳӛָ Ӑֻ ִ鬤 . פӲָ
ֻ֚ . ӟ֟ ָ
ך֝ , ך֝֓ פ
֝ߵ .
ӟ.
ӛא:-
Ϥ֓ ֭֕֬ . ֓ ֯ ָ
ןִ . ָ ӟ ӓ ӏ
ִֻ ӓ ֝֓ ߓ Ӳ֬ . ֓
֬ ӛאָ אָ ֟ . ָ֭ 5
Ӿָ ۿִ֯ וֻӟ
ӛאָ א Ӿ֓ . ߾ָ
֝ӭ ӱ פ ֻ֭ .
. ֭֯ ֮ (50) ԯ ֤ӟָ 500 ԯֵ՟
ֻ֭ . אָߓ ӱ ػ֓֍֟
ִ֙ ָ ӓ ן-֬ ֻֻ .
ִ֬ ָ ִ.
ִ֬ԓ ־ֿ֍
ߓ ֵ פ־ָ ֓ ָ ִԿ
ӲӬ ֵ ? ߾ָ ָ
֍ ꐵ ָ . ָ ִ ָ אֻ֟껵
߾ָ ֍ ύֿ ֛ ִԓ ã֟ߓ ֣֣
֍֭ ꝵ ӲӬߓ ֻ껵 ߓ ֭
ָ ֍ ֤ ֍.
ָ ԟ
ִԯ ִ ꬤִ ֓ ִ ,
ӓ ָָ ִ֬ԓ ן֍ ӲӬ ֻ
. ָߵ ֭֟ ߭ ִ ָïָӓ ־֟
֟ . ϟ ִԭ ָ ִԾָ
ԯ֍ԓ פ ָïָ֭ Ӿָ
ָ ֻ ם ӓ
Ӿָ ϳ־ ֛־ֵ .
1
ִ֬ ִ.
ִ ֕
פ ִ ֭֭֟ ִ ֟. ָ
ֲ ԭ ־ԡ ֻ .
'' ֲ֓ ֏ ֟ , ӟ ִ֬ 㬤
ִ ։ ֍. ָ ԓ ϳ־֯
א֍ ֲ֣ԍ ց ָ
, ֏ ֓ ֚ߴ ֟ ,
ִ֬ ִ Ӿ֭ ִֻ֕ ַ֝ פ
ִԓ ӛ ֟ . ָ :ց֯֟ ־֭ӭ
ִ֬ԓ ֵ֭ ., ִם֍֝
ִ֬ ָ֓ þ֟ӡ ִ ֭֟֟ ם
ִԓֵ ֟ӟָ ֟ ֓ ֑֟.
ߓ ֝Ե ִԓ á ֵ ֝
֟ ־ָ ֍ ֳԸ . ָ ָ ֟ ָ
ϴ֝ ״ ֍ָ , ִõָ ֍
ύֿ ֍ ֍.
֯֝ פ
֓ ״֍ ֍֓ ֵ֓ . ֵ
ָߵ ۟֍ ֻ . ֭ 1500 .. 600
ֵ՟, ָ ם֍֣ ֻ-.. 600 .. 200
ֵ՟,ןָ ֍ֻ-.. 200
.
ִԓ ־՟
֓߭ á . , ֕, ִ־
־Ծ ָ ύָ . ם֍ӓ ֝
, ָ ӓ Ӎ֭ ӭ ֖ӓ
־ֿ֍ӭ ִ . ֖֭֭֚
ָ ۟֕ӓ ־ֿ֍ ֟. 1 ֟ 2 ֟ 3 ֵ 4
δ, '' ӡӓ ָ ֟ӭ ־
, ӡ ִ֓
Ӎ֭ ӟ . '֟' ӟ
֬ ָӟ ֟
߭ ִ֤֓ Ӎ֭ . ֖֓
֬ ֭֓ ӯ֤ ֓ ִ ֵԓ .
֚ ֕ ֵָ ֻ. ӯ ӓ
߸֍- ֟, ֭ӟ ֟ ύָ
ֵ, ֭ ֵ ֚ ־- Ӎ֟
. ϴ֝ ֖֭֭ Ӑֻ ַ ֚
׳֮ ׳֮ ӓ Ӎ֭ ׳֮ ׳֮ ۟֕֍
.
֓ ߭ ֳ
- ӡ, ɝ ֤, ӡӓ ִֵ ''
֟֟. ɝ ӣ֟ ֵ֖פӓ ֭פӓ
ß ֝ԭ . ӭ ӡӓ '֏ ӣ' ֟֟.
ɝ ӣ֓ ֙ ָ֍ ֤ . ӟ
ֿ֍ ֟֓ ־֭ . ֤ӭ֓ ֭ ֟֟.
ֵ ֳ֓
߭ ֓ ԍӛ ֭֍ӛ ֳ .
, ɝ ָ֍ ӓ ӟֳԾ ԍӛֈӟ
֤ӓ ֭֍ӛӟ . ָ ӟ ㏵֟:
֍ӛ֓ ֓ ָӟ ㏵ֵ֟ ֭֓ ֓
.
ӓ ㏵ ֵ
֟ӓ ßן ֟ ֕ ې, Ӧ,
. ֟ӓ ӏ ۬-
. ־֭ӓ ֟֯ϴ֝ פ ֵԓ
, ֟ӓֵ ֓ ־ ִ ֻֻ
ִ ӓ ßן ߟ ֟. ֵ
ָ ԟ ֻ. ֻ֯ ָָ ӭ
֟ӓ ֍Ӳָָ ֵ ֜ . ӭ ֻ֯
ߟӓ Ӑ ӲӬ ֜ ֻ Ӑ
.
֟֟ ,
פ ֵ ָ־ԟ ֻ ӓ ִ֭
Í Ӑֻ ִ֟߿ ֻ. ӟ ֝ ֵ
ִ־֝ õ ӓֵ ָӓ ֝ԭ ״ , ָ
־Ծִ֬ ֤֭֯Ϥ֭֓ ֭ ״ ״
֟, ״. ֛ߓ ִ ֕
־Ծ ֤ ꝵ֓ ӣ ֻ֭. ֯֝
־Ծ ־ֹ ֕, ִ־ ɝ ӣ ӓ
־ֿ֍ ֻ֭ ֟֟. ָ ӟ פӓ
֬ߓ ֝ԭ . ӓ ֕ ӟ
ӓ ֵ ֖֭֭֚ .
ִ ֍
֯֝ ӭ ָߵ ֭ ֻ֓
֭֟ ֣֣ԟ: þߍָ֓ ֜ . ֓ ָ
, ӓ ָ֍ ôߓ ָ֬־ָ ӿ
״ ֤־ ִֵ ֚֝ ִ֬
֡֓ ӲӬ ֝ ֹ . ! ɝ
ӓ ߭ פ ӓ ִ ֖ ֓
֭µӓ ֟ӿ ӲӬ ס֍ þֹ֓ .
' ֟ ֟ ' ֓ .
ָ֍ӲӬ Ӑ֟֟ , ֭ӟ ַ
֚ ӓ ֭ . ־ֹ
ױֻ ָ ӟ
֖פֵխ ״ַ ֲ֧ ֬ ֻ֓
֢ ֙ ,
֍ӛ־ָ ӓ ׳ֹד ֻ
. ָ ֵ֖פӭ ״ָ þ ãֵ
þֹ֓ ִֻ ֖פӭ ֟ן֍ ״
ָ ֝ ִֻ֕ ։ ֍ ־.
֤Ӿָ ָ ָ֕
ֻ ָ ֤ӭ ãן ֭ ֯֝
פ . یִ֯֝ ַ֭֝ ָֻ߭
־֭֯ϴ֝ ֓ ӓ ֭֟ӲӬ
. ֕ ӓ ֍ þߍָ ֟ ָ
ַ ߭ ָ ԓ ִ ㌟
֯ ֍ . ָ ֟֟ ' ,
ִ־ ֕ ֝֟ ָ ־ֹ ӊ
á ֜ ֝֟. ֯֝ þ֟: ֯֝֟ . ' ӛ
֤ӟ - '֪ ύָ ֿ
ցӟ ־ֵ . ָ ֪ ָ ָ ֪
ӟ ֯ ָ ֪ ָ ֕ ֑֭ ԓ
֪ ֿ֭ ɟ֟֓ ۯ ָ
֪ . '
פ ֓
־֭־ֹ ï , פ ֵ
ָ־ԟ ֻ ӓ ӑ ־
Ӳָָ ֻ. ָ '֤' (1-1-20) ֙
ֻӟ פ ִԿ ۟֍ ָ ָ ן֍
֪֭ ֟. ֣ׯ ֓ , ֤ ֻ֓
פ ִԿ ָ ָ ־.
ָӟ ָ ӟָ
־ָ ֍ָ ִָ֝ӓ ֵָ֬֟ ϟע ֟
, ֓ פ Íן߭ ֭
֝֓֓ ϵ֟ ֟. ֟ Ӑϕӭ
פ ֵ ם ӓ ָ֍ָ ӭ 㬤
־. ύָ Í ִ֕
ֻ֟֟ , ִ֬ԓ ע 㬤 ִԓ ָָ ؍
֓ ֝ ֤ ֻ֭ӟָ
ֻ־֬߭ ֻ ִ ֤ӓ ֟־ָ
ָ֬ . ֟ ã֟ ִֵ ֟֟
, ־ ן֖ ֭֟֟ , ֓ 23
ߣԍ ԭ֣ . . 800 ֬ ֻ
ן֍ ֯ ֝ ִ֬ԓ ã֯֍
־.
ָ ֬֍֭
ֻ֯ ָߵ ԭ ֟ , ' ֭֟ϴ֝
ִԓ ã֯֍ ֳ֤ ֟. ֟֍
. ֲ֟ ־ ״ , ..
֟֍ӟ ϣִ ߣԍ ֳ֤ӓ . ֬Դ֭ ؍ ԭ֣
ӓ ִ֬ ϓ֟ ӟ Ӎ
. ֕ӟ ֳ֤, ו֣֭֟ ״ ߭
ߣԍӓ Ӿӓ . ־֟ ֝־ֹ
ï , ֳ֤ ִ֬ԓ ã֯֍ . '
ã֟ߴ֬
֤ӓ ֟Ӿָ ִ֬ ָ ֝ ֯֟
ד֟ ? ָ ֻ ֤ ֻ ֟֟. ֻӟ .
ԭ֣ӓ ֭ ָ֝ ָߴ֬ ֻ . פ
ֻ֯ ֻ־ã ԭ֣ Ӑꓵ Ӛ ױ
֟ ֯ß ӓې ֯ ߟ ֻ֓ ӭ
. ֖֭֟߭ 귵 ָֿ֯ӓ ӭ ָ
֏־ פ , Ӎ ӟ
ߝߓ Ӎ דָ ֟
֓ ֝ ֿ ֻ ֓
ֻ֑. ֙ӟָ ԭ֣ӓ ֭֟ ֤ פ.
. ԭ֣֭ӟָ ָ 2ll ԭ . ־߸ ֻ. ӓ .
ֳ֤ ֻ . ָӿ, פ ֵ
ָ־ԟ ֻ ־
ֳ֤ӓ ִ ϓ֟ ӓ
ֵӓ פ ֵտ
ӑ ֻ ־. ֛ ӿ : ָߵ
֛ Íן ָߵ . ָ ֛
ָ־ԟ֓ ֜. ֛ Íן ۿ֟֯֝
ִ֬ԭ ϳ֟ ֻ ם ִ֬ԟ ֛
Ӿ֭ ӑ . ֓ ָ . ֛
ֿ֓ ֝ ַֿ֓ ֭ӟָ ֻ ־. ֭ӟָ Ӎ֟ 껵 ֕ӟ
ߣԍӓ Ӿ ӯ֛֟ ֓ ָ ־.
פ ִ
֖֯Ϭ֭ ֻ֭ ӓ ֲֻ ֜ ־
ӲӬ þֳ֍ ߙ ֻ, ֓ ָ ֻ֓
. ֤ ֍ô֟ ֙ ӛ֓
ֹ ֻ껵 ִ֝ Í߭ 껵 ָ֓
ִ , Íߓ ϝ ־֭ ֳ֤
ִ ֤ӓ ֭ . ӭ
ӓ ִ֝ ָ ֻ֭ . ָ ӟ ֯
ָ ֪ ָ֪ ־ ָ ֕ ִߓ
Ӑ ֖֭֟ ߓ ֪ þֹ֓
֭ ӟ
אֻ֟ . ֯ϴ֝ ֤ӭ ֬۟֍
֬ӟ֓ ן֤֯ ָ , ָ פ ֍ӛ֓
ָ ֡ . ָ ֬֍֭ ӓ ֟֯ϴ֝
'־ ִ֕ ֬۟֍ ֬ӟӟ ֙ ֬ ־
ۓ ־ ֤ӟ ֻ ֓
ߟߓ ֻӲ֭ ֻ פ . ֟ ־
Ͼߓ Ӭ֭ӟ þ֟ӡ ֵ֓ ָ ָ
֟. ָ ֡ ֓ 㭵 ֲֵ֝
Ͼ ־ӟ . ߾֭֓ ־߭ ֤ ãׯ֟
֕ ֙ ԓ֓ ָ ߟ ֻ פ
֟. ֬۟֍ ִ֕֓ ֤ ֟֓
ã֭֯ . ӯ ֤ߓ ׳֮
. ֤ӭ ֓߭ פ Ӎӛ
֟-ֿ֤ ֓ ϵ֟ , ָ ֻ֟߭
ߜ߭ ִ֬ ߓ ׳ֹ ֏ֻ . ֓
֤ӓ ֟־֤ ׯϵ ֍ . ֭
ӯ ִ֕֓ ֭֓ ֍ ߓ ֻ . ߍ ãן ֟ӭ ָߍ
ז֍ ִ ֻֻֿ . ֓ ִ ֻ
, ָ֪ ԟ ֭ ָ֪ ӯ ֳָ
־ֻ. '
ָӟ
־Դ֭ ֟־Ꟶ֓ ָ ־֭־ֹ ï פ
, ֤ӓ ֖֭֟ פ ֵԓ ֕þ֍ߵ
־; ָ ֙ ָӟ ־ ֛
ӓ ֻ ֭־ָ . ֍
־ ָ ãן־ֿ ӭ ӝ ֛. ִ
֖֭֟ ֓ ֤ ָ פ ֵ
ֻ. ָ פ ֍ӛ֓ ֕ ֓ ã֭֯
֍ ߟ. ָ פ ֍ӛ ӓ
֕-þ֍ߵ ֲ . ֓ ֍?
֓ ֿӳ־
ִ ֬֍֭ ӓ֓ ֲӟ Ӑ־ֵ֓ ֻ
'ֵ֍ ָ ӯ ־ֻ ֤
ӭӟָ ɝ ִԓ ֦ ֻ֯ ־ ָïָ
ָ ִ֟֟ӟָ֓ ֲֻֻ ָָ ־֍ ֏ָ־ָ ։ ֻ. '
֓ ֝ԭ ӭ ָ ֬֍֭ ֏ָ־ָ ։
ֻ. ' ֓ ֝ԭ ӭ ָ ֬֍֭
֟- ' ֬۟֍ ߭ ־ԡ ֙ ֻ
. ־ ӯϤ֍ ָָӭ ֳ֟֟
־ . ֭µӓ ֍ ֍ӛ֓
ֵפ ߴ֓ ֝֓ ָ ױ . ־
֟־ָ ֭֭֬ ָ . ӡ֓ ָ
־ֵ ؍ ֭ ־ֵ
֍ ־. ֍ ־, í֭ ֍
־, ô ֍ ־. ִ֕ԭ ֍ ־
؍ ։ ׯ։ ֍ ־. ,
־ ± ִ՟ Ӭӭ ֣߭
ָ ßӭ ֻ֯ ֭ؕ ָ . ָ
ֿ歵 ԭ , ֓ ֿ ָ, ןֵֿی
׳ִ֭ ӭ ֯ ִ ֟ ָ֓ ӭ
ߓ ӟ ֍ , ؍ ֭֟ ߑԍֵ՟
ӟ ֍ . ֭ӟָ ύָ ֻ ,
֦ (ӛ) ֝֏ Ӑֻ ߟ߭ ֱ
֓ ϵ֟ . ֤ӓ ɾ֤ ؍ ӓ
֟־֤, ֤ӓ ֬۟֍ ߾֭ ؍ ӓ
ז֍ ֍ӛ, ֤ӓ ֬۟֍ ߾֭ ؍ ӓ
ז֍ ֍ӛ, ֤ӓ ָ ם ӓ
þ ָ ֍ֹФ ӵ ֍ פ ֵ՟ ֻ
֍ ־. ִ ٭ִԝ֓ ӟ ֹ .
ύָ ִԓ ֟֍ָ ϟ߁ ֻ
, ß֍ ӳ߸ ֍ ֬۟֍ ם ־ָ֬
֭µӓ פ ߾֭ӟ ֹ ֍ Ͼ
֍. ٴ֍ ֬ӟ֓ ד֟ ״֝ ֯ ־ֿ֍
, ֬ӟ ֵ֍ ֭־֙ ֍ ӲӬ
־ ָïָ ӟ Ӑ֟ ֻ֓ ï ֻ
. , ־ԍ ӭ ϓ֟ ִԓ ֭־֙
ã֟߾ָ ֻ֜. ӯ ӭ ֟֓
ן֍ ־ֿ֍ָ ָ ־ٴ֟ߓ ϵ֟ .
ӓ ϵ֟ ן֍ þֹ֓ .
ӭ ֤ӓֵ ɾ֤ (ethical universalism) ԟ ֝֝֓ ϵ֟ ָ
֕ ӓ ִ ֟ , ɝӓ
ϳ㟾֯ ֕ ז֍ ֍ӛ ؍ ϓ֟
ִԯ ־ԟӡ þ֟ӡ ־ֵ . ־֤ߟ
֤ӟָ ֤ӭ ӓ ִֵ ֝֓
۬֍ ֍ֹ ֬ӟӓ ״֝
֓ ϵ֟ . ֯ϴ֝ ֤ ֻ֭ӟָ ϓ֟
ִԓ ϯӣ ָ ãן-ֻ֍ ύָ ָ
ָӓ ָ֓ ָָ ӟ ã֭֯ ֻ.
ִ֬ԭ
ֻ֯ ֵ ֻ ־֤ߟ ֻ֯ ֓߭
ֻ ֻ껵 ۿִ ֻ֯ ֵ ֻ.
ָ ד֡֝ӟ ִ֬
ִԓ ֭֯֓ ־ ָ
֬֍֭ ֓ ֕ 'ִ֬ԭ ֤ӟ ֟ӓ
þߍָ . ' 㭵 ן֤֯֓ ָ־ע ߟ
֙. ָ פִ ֤ӓ
֬ӟӓ ״֝ ֍ֹ ֻ֓ ֏־ ԭ֣
ִ֬ԓ ߣԍ ӓ ־ԝ֍ֻ ..
776 , ֭ ־ֵ ִ֬ ֟
֭ ֤ӓ ֬ӟ ִ֬Կ ֟֟ ֝
פ ִԿ ֟ ߟ. ִ֬ԓ ֬ӟ
ֻ֓ ֭֝ ӳ־֟/
ֵָ ߟ; ָ ӭߓ פ ֻ֓ ָ֏֛
֜ , ֵ־ֹ֓ ֬ , פ ֍ӛ֓
ָ ֻ ֭֟ ֍ӛ ־֛ ֻ
פӭ ֻ֯ ãן ִֵ ֚֝ ֻ֯ ָ
ִԟ-ӟ ִ֬ ϴ ִԓ-֬۟֍
֟־ָ ֤ӓ ֭ . ָ ֟֓
ߟ ֟ӭ֓ ִ֣ԭ ֡ פ ֍ӛ֓ ߟ
. ִ ֓ ָ ֙ ִֵ . ֟: ָ
֜ ֻ. ֓ ָ
. ԭ֣ ֻ. ӭ ֻ֯ ֤ӭ ֻ֯
ϳ־ ָ֓ ֏ֻ. ӓ֭ӟָ ־ ־ 200 ԭߓ
ײָ֬ . ־߸ 㬤ӓ ֭ ֻ. פ ִԍ
ָ֓á ־֭ӓߓ ß ֻ .
ָ ֓ ϓָ ָ֬ ֭֟ ֻ
. . ԭ֣ӭ 70 ֵ՟ ךך֝ ײָ
־ ָ֬ ֭֟ ִԓ ֤ פ. ֓ .
־߸ 㬤ӭ ӟָ . ֻ֯ ֬۟֍ ָ֓ӭ
־ ֍ ֻ֯ ָ֓֯ϴ֝ ߾֭
֟ߟ ֓ Ͼߍ ӟ ֿ ց פ
. ָ ָ ֯ӭ . פ-ӟ
Ӧ, ֹ ֤ߓ ֟ ִ֕ ; ָ
ָ ִԴ֬ ֭µ֓ ־߭ ֟ ֭־ ִ֬
֟֓ ן ֓ߓ ֟ .
ָ֍ӓ ֬ӟӭ פ ִԓ ãן
ִ֛ ֻ. ãן י֚֝ : ־߭
֟֟ ֓ ߓ ־ֿ֍ ӭ ϟߟ
ֻ , ֿ ־ֿ֍ ֤ӓ ֭ ꝵ֯
ϟߟ ֻ . ִֵ֝
ֳָ֓ ֻ. ִ ם ָӓ ָ֟ ֭
֭µִ֬ ֟֓ ן ֍֟ ַ
־ָ֬ ֭֟ ֯ ָ־ .
ִԟ á ؍ ӭ ִ ָ֓ ֍ָ .
ָ ӓ ֚ ֚ 㬤 ֍ ֕
֟. ֓ ٟ ֳָ֭ . ֭֟
þ֟: ־ ָ ָ֬ ָ אֻ֟껵 ִָ
֜ ֻ ֓ ִָ ֿ֖ ֲ
ߍ ֵ ֭ ֻ .
ֳָӟ ֿ֖ ևԙ ֻ֓ Ӑ
-֖ ֻ֓ ֏ֻ . ֵָ֝ ӛӟ
אֻ֟ , -֖ ־ָ ֮
ӭ ֖ ֓ ϟց þ֟:֓ þߍָ .
:ց֯֟ ־֭ӓ ֟ ֻ , ֳָ
ִ֝ Í߭ ϳ֟ ֻ .
ִԟ ָ֓
ָ֓ӓ ֤֭-Ϥ֭ӓ ϣ ָ
ֻӓ . ' ֖֭֭֟ ן'
ӣ֓ ֍ ִԤֿӍ ֿӍ ӭ ''
֯ֆ֯ӟ Íָӓ ֤֭ Ϥ֭''
ֵ־ָ ָ֣ߴ֬ ֟ ֟ӭ אֻ֟ ,
'ָ ԓ ㏵ ߭ ִ ɝִ֬ (ִ) ָ
ִ ןָ ִ֬. ӯ ִ ֻ֯
ֳ֭ߟ ֻ ֻ֍ ִ ֟
ָӭ י ־ָ ־֭ӭ ־ֹ
ֻ ֙ , ַ ִԓ ָ֓ ָ֓ ֻ֯ӟ
ִ־ ꝵ֓ ۟ ɝӟ . ߓ
ϳ־ӭ ַ֓ ß ֻ֯߿ ֍֟.
ֵ֯ϴ֝ ֤ ֿ ֛־ָ ֻ ָ
֛֓ ־ þ֟: ֝ ־ԡ ָ.
ֻ ָ֬ ַ ֓ ԭ ֍ , ֍
־ ֍. ֓֯ϴ֝ ɝӓֵ ָ֓
ָ֓ӓ ӟӟ ַ ִԓ ָ֓ ָ֓
Ͼ ɝӓ ֟. ӟָ
ӟ ֓ ֓ ֝Ե ֟.
ɝӓ ֟֟ ֓ ߯ ִ י
֍ . ִԭ ֻ֯ þ֟ ی֟
ִ֚֝ ɝ ִԓ ֣֝ ֍ ֟ . ִ
ִԓ ֵӟ حֳ֤־ ָ. ָ,
ɝӭ ִԟ ֵꐵ
ִ֭ ׁ֟ ֭֟
ֻ , ִԓ ㏵ ָ ֻ ֟֟
ֻ֯ פӯ֓
ӭ ֻ . ɝӓ 'ۯֻ֕' ִ֕
־ֵ֓ ָ ֻ ־ָ ָ֓ ־.
1) ־֭ 㬤 ָ֟ ֻ֭. ֯֯֓
ӓ -ִ ־ӟ ִ פ.
2) ɝӓ ֖ ֬ӟ ֬ ֟ ,
ӭ 'ֲ' פ.
3) 㬤֓ ָ߸֓ ӿ ֵ֡פ ־
־֓ ֵֹ֭֡ ֟ ֻ.
4) ֓ ֟֯ӟߓ ӛ ӲӬߓ ָ֓-ָ֓
ɾ֤ӟ ִ .
5) ִԓ ӓֲ㬤 ִ֬ԓ ӓִ ־ӟ
ִ ֻ.
6) ֑ӓ '֕ד ύ' ןֳ֓ ֬֍
, ʝӓ ֤ӟ ֤֭֯
ִ ֻ.
7) ɝӓ ֕֍ ׳ց ֝-ָ֝
(ִ֝) ֭ ֻ.
ύָ ִ
֯ ַ ֬֓ ִԓ Ӑ֯ϟӐִ֬ ־ԡ
ֻ ֻ. Ӎӟ֓ ֵ־֤ӟ ˈ
֖֭־֤֯ߵӓ ֵ־Ӥ 㯟 ߟ߭ ִ
֝ ֵ־֤ ֤ ֤ӟ֓ ֻ֑ ־;
ִ֕ ӟߵӓ ֻ ם ָ֓ ָ֓
ֻ֓ ։ ֍ ־, ''ם֍-֤, ֤
ӭ ӓ ֏ӛ ֹ֝ ӟ ֻ
ם֍ ӟ ִԓ ־߭ ָ ֛ .
ִ ֻ , ִ ֵԾ֟ԟ 㯟ֵ֯
ֻ. ßãן ָߟ߭ ִ֕
֍. ''
֯ϴ֝
ִԓ ꝵֲֲ֟ ֻ֯ ָ֓ ϐ֙ ֭ӟָ
֕ ɝֈ ִ ֟ ӿ ؍
֯ ֻ, Ӑ֟ӭ ֟֟ ''֖ ֧
ד ֏ָ֝ ϣִ ӏֵ֓ ׯֻ , ӭ
֖֍ ֤֍ ֻ֓ אֻ֟ ֖֯
þ ״ ֻ ָ þ֓ ֻ ӯֻ֭ӟָ
פ־ֵ ֟ . אֻ֟ . ''
֭ӟָ ־֟ ӯϤֵӟ ߍӭ
֭ . ָ . ߍӓ ֤ ӟ פ֭֯
ֻ֟ ִֻ ֪֓ Ӑ֭ ָ ־ԯύָ
֍ . ӓֻ 㬤֓
֯ֆ֯ӟ ִ ֭ ֟Ԭ֭־ֵ ָ
ִԬ֭ ㌻֭֬ ֓ ־. ָ ֙
֭ ֜ ֻ. ־֟ ִ ց֯֟
֍ . ־ ֻ֭
ָ ן֭֕ 㬤 . ָ ֭ӟ ֟ ֟.
ָ ַ ֟ ӛ ֏ ,
ָ ֭֝ ֵָ ־ , ӟ
ן֯פ þֹ֓ ؍ ִ
þֹ֓ .
'' ־
֝ן֯֟ ֹ . ߾ ԍ
־ֵ֓ ֭ ֓ ֚
֍ ϴ֝ӟ ϵ֟ ם־֬֓ ֭
֟ӭ ֓ ־֭ ִ֬ ؍ ִ֬ ־
ִ ï ֭ ָ ߣԍ . ''
''ָ ߣԍӯ
ԭ֣ 23 ־߸ 24 ߣԍ ß֍ ן֍
֯ . ߍ֭ӟָ ֻ .
֯ӯ ԭ֣ ־֭ 㬤֓
־߸ 㬤 ִ֍ֻ߭ .
֯ӭ ï֝ אֻ֟ , 㬤-ִ
ߓ ӳ־֟ . ֓֯ϴ֝ ִԓ Ӿ־ָ
ֿ֬ ӟ 㝵 ֯ . ֵֿ ӭ ֻ֯ 㬤
ӟ 㝵 ֯ . ֵֿ ֵӭ ֻ֯ 㬤
֭ ӑ֓ ϳ־֭ ֭֟ ָֻ. ֓
ִ֕־ָ ֍ ϳ־ ֛ , ִ֖֬
ִ Ӑ֝ ӟ:֯ ֵָ
. ־֭ ִؓ֟֍ áߐ֝
ן֤֯ ֜ ֍, ָ ϟց ֤
פ ִԭָ ֍ ָ ֵ ָ֟
ֻ ָ ֓ ןָÍָ ԍ ֭
ֻ֏ִ֭֬ ֿ֬ ַ ֵ֯ϴ֝ ֓
ӳ־֭֓ . ''
֕ ָ
־֭־ֹ ï , ɝ ִԟ ַӓ
֟֟ ֓ ی . ָֻ߭
֤ӭ ӓ ֟ ύָ ֻ֯ ֟ӟ
ִ ֻ , ֝ ֤ӓ֓ ֍ ß
. (ָ ֬֍֭ ӓ ֟ ,
֤ӓ ֭ 㬤֭ӟָ ֻ .) ־ֹ ִ֓
ָ ֭֬֓ . ֤Ӵ֬
ָ֓ ָ֓ӓ Թ ֜ , ־ֹ ֝Ե
, '' ִ֬ ֤֯ ֻ֑
ִԓ 'ӛ ' ֻ ӯԯ֝ ߓ
. ִ֬ þ֟ӡ ִ , ֓ ֪ ϝ ߣԍ
ֳ֤ ִ ם ӓ ֻ
, ӭ ָ֟ ֻ֭ .
ӓ ָ֓ӓ ֵ ֤ӟ ־ֵ ״.
֤-ָ֓' ß֍֓ ֻ ֲ־ֹ ֍ ï
.
''֤ ֙
ִ ָֻ֓ ֬ ָָ֓֓
־߆ ֵ֝ ,
֭֬ ϣִ ߕ ֵ֝ l ָ
ָߍ '־ ߾ ɓ֍ ߾ ִ , ߾֭֬
ָ֟ , '֍ ָ ԭ ㌻֭֬
ֵָ֝ ' ֤ ߴ־ָ Գ־
ԭ ֬ ָ֓ l ֪
ߣԛ ֳ֤ ԭ ԭ ֬ l ֔
֭ ִ ָ֟ ֭ l''
ִ
ִ֬ԓ ֬Ӵ֬ ֳ .
ӭ ϴ֝ ֭֟ ߟ. ôןӣ ؍ ɝӓ
ָ ֟ ӣ ϴֳ֝ ֭֟ ߟ. ־ֵ
ӟ ֓ , ִ֬ԓ ٴ֍ ֟
ӓ ӛ ָ ۿ֟ . ָ ִԟ
ָïָ ָ˸ ֬ӟ ־ ֻ֯
ָ֓ ֟ ֻ֓ ־ ֟. ָ -ֵ֭
֭֟֟. ֭֟ ߟ.
ֵӟ ֓ ϻֵ ֭֟֟ ָ
פӟ ֻ֓ ֭֟֟. ֭֟֟ ָ
֭ פӟ ֻ֓ ֭֟֟. ֭֟֟ ,
֭֭֟ ִ ˸ָ֓ ɤ֭ ϐ֙
ָ ֭֟֟. , ֵӟ ןߣԍ ֟֟
ֻ֯ ߾֭֓ ־־ָ ֟ ִԓ ֤
֟. ֭֯ϴ֝ ֟ ֯ ֍֟ ָ
ִ֟֯ϴ֝ ˌ ֭־ߵ ֍ָ֓ ֟
. ָ ӭ ֯ ֓ ָ ӭ
µ ֭ ֻ ԓ ֿ ֚
֯ . ֢֍
þֹӟ ֭֟֟, ָ ֟֯ϴ֝ 恴 ꐤ֍
֟ ߾֓ אϵ ߾֍ ֍ ֓
߾ֿ Ӭ . ֟֯ϴ֝ ָ֓ ی
֭ ֓ ֭µ ֳֻ . ָ
֭֟ϴ֝ ֻ֯ Ӑֻ ؍ ևԙ ԭ ֹ
߾ þ֟: ؍ : .
֭֟֟ , ㌟ ֻ ߾ ӟ ߑ ֵֻ֯՟
֟ ؍ ӟ ߭
. ֝ ӓ ֟ , ㌟֕߾ ֓
ϳ ִֵ֓ ִָ֭֕ ֟֟. ִ֬՟ ִ-, ִ-,
ã֭, ԭ ֟ , ִ՟ ߓ ߟ.
ֵֵ֭ӟ õ־֤, ֵ, ց פ ֟
, ָ ֵӟ ߓ ״ ߟ.
ύָ ύָ ־ ֟ӭ
ִԓ ֵ֓ ֬ ֍ן֍ ߭ ֕ ֟
פ ֟ , ӟ ִԓ
ֵ ֜֟ ӓ ֯ֆ֯ӟ - ־ָ
㬤 ֻ ֟.
2
ִ֬ ִ.
֟ ־֭ӓ ֟ , ִ֬
ִԓ ֏ . ָ þ ֍ ӭ ϴ
ï֝ ֬ , þ֟ӡ ִ
ִ֭֟ ־ֹ ֬
֍ , ִ՟ ָ ִ ֻ֑ .
ִ֭֟.
ԭִ֬ ִԟ
ύָ ִ֭֟ פ֟. ϴ֝ ֭ߟ
ߟ. ֖ ָ֬ .
ֵӟ þֹ ӟ ָ֓
֢ ֭ߟ ߟ. ִ֬ ֟֓ ã֭֯ ߓ
־ ӓ ֟ .
֬ӟ֓ ֵ . ӓ ӑӟ ֬
֬ ֯ ã֭ ֯ . ָ ִ֭֟־ֵ
֝֏ ֓ ִ֭֟ , ־߸ 㬤
ִ֍ֻ߭ ӓ ֭ ײָ֬ ֻ
, ־߸ӓ ֛ӓ Ӿ ֣֬
Ӿ ָ־ã 㬤֓ , 㬤֓ ֟ߓ
Ӿ ָֿ Ӳָ ӯϤֵ֓ ֭֟ϴ֝
־߸ӓ ֟ߓ Ӿ ָֿ . ָ ־
ִ֭֟ ִ՟ ֍ ־ֹ
ִ ֻ֓ ï פ֟.
ӓ ٴ֍ ӣ
ָ . ן ָ . ָ .
֍ ־ ָ ٴ֍ ֬ӟ ֤ ָ .
ִ֬ ֟ ן֍ ߾ ֟֓ ß֟ ֭֟
֭֟ , ֵ՟ ߾ ֍ Կ Ӭֻ
ֵ՟ ָӟ ӟָ ㌟ ָ
ָֻ֬ ։ ִָ֭֕ ӟ ֵֻ֯՟ ۟֍
ӟ ֟ ֟. ָ ߾
ֻ֟ ֭֟ ߟ. ӓ ֟֯ϴ֝ ֟ ؍ ߾
֟֟ ֟ ֤֣ ם֍ ִԓ
ӟ֭-ָָ ӟ֭ ָָ ֿ֭ ֓
. ֓֯ϴ֝ ӟ֭ ָָ ֿ .
ִԓ ֬ӟ ִ֬ԓ ֬ӟ֯ ֤ ֙
.
'־߸ ֬
־ ָ ֯þ , ָ ֯ ֻ֭ӟָ
㬤 ֯þ ߟ ֬ ӭ
ֻ֯ ־ ֣ ߾ִ֭֬ԍ ־ֻ. ־߸ӓ ց
() ִ֟֬ ָ 㬤֓ ց -ִ ֻ֭.
ִ 㬤 ֍ ֬ ֻ. ֓ ,
־߸ -ִ֚֕ ָ . 㬤֯ϴ֝ ӓ
µ . ӓ ӑ ӑ ָ.
ָ ָ֓ ߴꓵ ֓ ־ ֻ . '
־߸ 㬤ӓֵ
߾֭ӟ ָ ֿ֝ ִԭ ־֭ . Դ֭
֟- '. ־߸ ֿ֟: ӟִԏ Ͼߓ
㬤 ֭֟׳ִ þֳ־֓ . ־߸
ִ֕ӟ ״֯ ֟ ֟ 㬤
-ִ֕֓ ߟ ֟, Ӑ־ֹ ֍ ï , ָ
㬤ӓ µ ӭ ֝֓ ִ֡֝ ָ ֓
þߍָ ֓ ָ ֟ ֟. ָ ־߸ ֭֟
, ִ֕-߾ֲָָ֭ ֬ӓ ύָ ӲӬ
ߍ . ֝֏ , 㬤 ß֭ ֟ ֟ ֿ
֝ ߟ ֟ ֻ֯ ָ֓ ָ֓ӟ ָ ߟ
ߟ ӭ ֵ֤ ֟ ֻ֯ӟ ״
ꝵ֓ ֬ ָ ߟ ֟. ָ ־߸ӓ
ֲ֟ פ
, ֬۟֍ ֤ ֚ ؍ ֚ ֚
ӭ ֻ פ . ָ
֭µ ٴ֍ ֓ ֚ ӓ֕־ ָ
־ָ߸ ֻ֯ ֱ ֬ӟӭ ֹ ֓ ָ
; ָ ֯ ߟ ֟. ' ָ
אֻ֟껵 ָ־ֹ ִ֬ ִ
þ֟ӡ , ӟ ָ ֻ֑ ; ֻ ָ
ߑԍֵֻ֯՟ ִ ֓ ӟ ߑԍֵֻ֯՟
Ӿֹֻ ֻ. ֓ ַ־ָ ִ ֻ
־֟ .
3
ִ֬ ִֻ֭
ִ.
ִֻ֭ ִԓ ã֭ӟ ֻ ֻ ָ
֟֍ֵ՟ ִԓ ָӟԐ֟ ֭֟
֍ ӲӬ ֓ ַ־ָ ϳ־ ֛
. ִֻ֭ӓ ־՟ ֍ ִ ӓ ã֯֟֍
ד֡֍ָ ֻ. ӓ ã֯֟ ϳ־
ִֻ֭ӓ ã֯֟ ָ ֛ . ָ
֓ ϵ֭ . ִ֓ ϵ֭ ִ֬ԓ ٴ֍ ִ֬
ִԾָ ִֻ֭ ִԓ ֵ ϳ־ ֛ ֲ֧
; ִֻ֭ ִԓ ִ֬Ծָ ֓ ִ ָ
ֻ , ִ֬ ֟ ٟ֯-ָ ӯϤֵ֓
֭ ֻ. ִֻ֭ӓ ٟ֯ ָ ٟ֏ӛ
ִ ֿ ֭ӟ ־֭ ִԝ ֻ
ӟ֓ ã֭֍ ӯϤֵ ָ ӣ ӓ ã֭֯
ֻ.
ִֻ֭ ִԾָ ִ֬ԓ ֜ ϳ־
֏֟ӭ ָ ֭֯ ӭ ִ֬ԓ ֛
ϳ־ Ӿֵ֓ ӣӟ A.
furher. V. Kremer ӓ ֲӬ֓ ֻ
, ֟־ ֻ ӭ (973 1058) ֻ֯
ן֍ ֬ӟ ִ֬ԓ ϳ־֭ ãׯ֟ .
֓ ֝ԭ ӭ ָ ӭ ϴ֝
, ' ָ ߟ ֟. 㬤 ߟ ־,
ָ ֭֟ , ևԴ ָӓ
֓ ֜ ֟ ִ ֯֓ .
ֵ՟ ֵ՟ ָ ߟ ־. ӭ
֬֓ ӛ ֟ ־. ָ
á֓ ߭ ӭֿ֯ϴ֝ ֟ . ֵӟ
֍֓ ֛־ ֻߟ ֟. ָ ֵֿ ָ ֓
֛֟ ֵӟ ֝֝ ֯ ִ֕֟ ֟. ך֝
֓ ӭ Ͽ ֟ , ' ֚֓ ӯ á . '
֓ ֝ , ׳֍ַ ֯ ֿ
߾֤֭ ֍ . '
֟, ߾ָ,
ָ, ֬㟵 פ ֵӲӬߓ ӓ ց֯֟
֏֟ , ӓ ָ֓־ָ ִ֬ԓ ֿ֟: פֲָ
ӯϤֵ֓ ϳ־ ֛ . ֆ פֵ֯՟
֤֤ . ָ֯
껵 ַֿ֯ ߓ Ӑֻ
Ӳ֬ ־ ֍ ӳ־֭ߵ .
ӓ Ӿֹ פ ,
ָӟ ִԓ ֭ . ָӟ ֬ ֏
֜ߟ ߟ. ߓ ӭ .
֓ ֬ ־֛ . ָӟ ֬ ד֟ꓵ
ې ֻ ֟ ֵֿԍָ ֙ .
ύָ ָ ִ ֭֟֟. '㌵ ֭ ӟ
, ӓ ӻ֭ Ο֓ ֭ . ָ
Ο þ֟: ֍ ־ ־ ߾ֹ
֙ , ֓ ֿ ֵ ֻ ӓ
ٴ֍ ֬ӟ ֻ֭ .